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Unit Science Test
Watersheds and Weathering
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the breaking down of rocks on Earth's surface? | Weathering |
What are the two types of weathering? | Chemical weathering and mechanical (physical) weathering |
What is the physical process of breaking down rocks into small pieces? | Mechanical weathering |
What occurs ____________when rocks hit other rocks because of gravity, wind, and water? What goes in the blank? | Naturally/Mechanical weathering |
What three things cause weathering? | Gravity, wind, and water |
Ice can cause ____________ weathering. Water freezes and ______________ in the cracks in a rock. Over time this can cause the rock to break into _____________ pieces. What words go in the three blanks? | Mechanical Weathering/Expands/ Smaller |
What is ice wedging? | Water fills in a crack. AS the water freezes, it expands. This is sometimes called "ice wedging." |
What is biological weathering? | When living organisms cause mechanical weathering. For example, when the roots of trees grow into cracks in rock and break the rock apart. |
What changes the chemical composition of rocks? | Chemical weathering |
Three agents of chemical weathering are--- | Water, oxygen, and acid |
Water can _____________ come minerals. Many cave formations are the result of water dissolving calcite, which is found in limestone. What fits correctly in the blank? | Dissolve |
Oxygen can ____________ with minerals to form a new substance. Oxygen combines with iron to form rust, a type of iron oxide. What goes in the blank? | Combine |
What can increase the rate of chemical weathering? | Lichen |
_____________ from plants, pollution a, and natural sources can chemically break down materials. Acid in rainwater and air can weather limestone statues. What fits correctly in the blank? | Acids |
How is chemical weathering different from mechanical weathering? | Chemical changes bonds while mechanical wears or breaks down |
What is the caring of the pieces of rock from one location to another? | Erosion |
The four basic agents of erosion are--- | Glaciers, Gravity, water, and wind |
What are huge chunks or moving ice? | Glaciers |
Julia found the following excerpt from a science book--As ice moves, it picks up pieces of rocks and carries them away. What is it likely that Julia was reading about? | Glaciers |
Years ago, a glacier moved across North America, carving out deep valleys and moving tremendous amounts of soil. When the glacier melted, it resulted in the formation of--- | The Great Lakes |
What is the force that pulls rocks downhill? | Gravity |
Landslides, mudslides, and soil creep are examples of how Gravity causes--- | Erosion |
Water can cause erosion in ______________ ways. Running water carries rock particles in streams and rivers. What fits in the blank? | Several |
What is a delta? | When sediments settle at the mouth of a river, they form a large, flat area called a delta. |
When there is heavy rain, _____________ can cause erosion. What goes in the blank? | Run-off |
In the ocean, waves and ____________ move particles of rock. What goes in the blank? | Currents |
_________ is another agent of erosion. _________ can pick up pieces of sand or rock and carry them to a new location. _________ erosion accursed most frequently on beaches, in deserts, and in fields that have been recently plowed. What fits correctly? | Wind |
What is the placing of pieces of rock or soil in new locations that modifies Earth's surface over time? | Deposition |
What Is the difference between erosion and deposition? | Deposition is depositing while erosion is moving |