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Earth Sci Ch. 3 Term
Terms on Volcanoes for Lessons 1 through 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| volcano | a vent in the earth's crust that is shaped like a cone or is just fissure (crack) in the crust |
| crater | a funnel-shaped hole that is created after a volcanic eruption |
| magma | melted rock that is below the surface of the earth |
| lava | melted rock that is on top of the earth's surface |
| hot spots | an area of the earth's crust that is hot because it is directly over a chamber of magma |
| subduction zone | a place where one tectonic plate is moving under another tectonic plate |
| rift | a deep crack that is made when two tectonic plates move apart from each other |
| aa | rough sharp hardened lava rock |
| pahoehoe | smooth billowing or rope-like hardened lava rock |
| pyroclastics | material that is spewed from a volcano, such as ash and rock |
| volcanic bomb | a blob of lava that is hardened on the outside but is still molten on the inside that comes out of a volcano |
| dike | a vertical pluton |
| sill | a horizontal pluton |
| pluton | hardened magma under the surface of the earth |
| laccolith | domed shaped pluton |
| batholith | very large and massive pluton |
| active volcano | a volcano that has erupted or soon will erupt |
| dormant volcano | volcano that has not erupted in a long time but could erupt in the future |
| tiltmeter | instrument that uses water to egister changes in the earth's angle |
| Extinct Volcano | volcano that can no longer erupt; dead |
| alive volcano | a volcano that is currently erupting |
| icelandic eruption | a mild eruption that is composed of thin lava from many vents |
| hawaiian eruption | mild eruption with thin lava from one vent |
| stromboli eruption | powerful eruption with thick lava, much gas and steam, |
| Vulcanian eruption | |
| Pelean eruption | |
| Plinian eruption | |
| Shield volcano | a volcano that is very gently sloping that has one or more vent |
| Cinder cone volcano | the smallest of the volcanoes that is made of cinder and ash |
| composite volcano | a deep-sided volcano that is composed of layers of cinder and ash and layers of hardened lava rock |
Created by:
Mrs. Sutherland
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