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T.Fleming1

Biotechnology Vocab

TermDefinition
Autoimmune disorders when the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys healthy body tissue.
Biotechnology The application of technology to the study or manipulation of living things.
Chemical bases Adenine (A, G), C) and T). The genes that make up your body by stringing together to form DNA.
Cloning To create genetically identical molecules, cells, plants or animals.
Diamond vs. Chakrabarty A United States Supreme Court case concluding whether genetically modified organisms can be patented.
DNA The genetic material of most living organisms.
DNA fingerprinting A test to identify genetic information called DNA in a person's cells.
Fermentation The conversion of sugar to carbon dioxide and alcohol by yeast.
Genes A region of DNA that controls a characteristics
Genetics The branch of biology that deals with heredity
Genetic engineering A technique used by scientists to change the DNA of organisms.
Gene therapy A technique for correcting defective genes that develop disease
Human genome map The sequence of the human genome.
Human Genome Project An scientific research project with a goal to determine the sequence of pairs which make up DNA and to identify and map the genes of the human genome from both a physical and functional standpoint.
Immunology The study of our protection from invading organisms and our body’s responses to them.
Interferon A substance that interferes with the ability of viruses to reproduce.
Molecular biology The study of biology at a molecular level
Nucleotide The structure unit that forms DNA and RNA.
Proteins group of complex organic macromolecules that are made with one or more chains of amino acids.
Recombinant DNA The joining of two pieces of DNA from different sources
RNA One type of nucleic acid that consists of strands of repeating nucleotides joined in chainlike fashion, but the strands are single.
Somatic cell nuclear transfer removing the nucleus of an unfertilized egg cell, replacing it with the material from the nucleus
Stem cells cells that are able to differentiate into specialized cell types.
Thalidomide An organism whose genetic material has been altered
Xenotransplantation The transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another
Created by: tf43895
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