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Vocabulary Words
Mitosis & Meiosis
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mitosis | A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells. |
| Cytokinesis | The cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells. |
| Replication | The action of copying or reproducing something. |
| Cell Cycle | The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA |
| Chromosomes | Chromosomes are the things that make organisms what they are. They carry all of the information used to help a cell grow, thrive, and reproduce |
| Chromatid | Each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division |
| Centromere | The point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fiber during cell division. |
| Chromatin | The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA |
| Diploid | Containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. |
| Interphase | the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis. |
| Crossing over | the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring. |
| Tetrad | a group or set of four. |
| Synapsis | the fusion of chromosome pairs at the start of meiosis. |
| Polar bodies | each of the small cells that bud off from an oocyte at the two meiotic divisions and do not develop into ova. |
| Gametogenesis | the process in which cells undergo meiosis to form gametes. |
| Gonad | an organ that produces gametes; a testis or ovary. |
| Gamete | a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote. |
| Ovum/ ova | a mature female reproductive cell, especially of a human or other animal, that can divide to give rise to an embryo usually only after fertilization by a male cell. |
| Sperm | the mature motile male sex cell of an animal, by which the ovum is fertilized, typically having a compact head and one or more long flagella for swimming. |
| Haploid | having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. |
Created by:
LilliamWRuizBaez
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