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Science
Forces in Earths Crust
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Stress? | The force that acts on rock to change it's shape and volume. |
| Name the three types of stress. | Tension, Compression, and shearing. |
| How is stress measured? | In force per unit. |
| True or False? Stress detracts energy from the crust. | False, it adds energy. |
| What does tension do to the crust? | It pulls two plates apart, and thins the rock in the center. |
| What are the effects of compression? | Compression pushes two plates towards each other, causing the rock to fold and break. |
| How does shearing affect the size and shape of rock? | Shearing causes a transform boundary, where two plates slip past each other, this causes rock to break and change in shape and volume. |
| How are faults created? | When enough stress builds up, it causes the rock to break, and create a fault. |
| Name the different kinds of faults. | Normal, reverse, and strike slip. |
| What force causes normal faults? | Tension causes fault to form, a hanging wall sits on top of a footwall, and slips downward. |
| Explain how reverse faults form. | When compression causes plates to move together, the hanging wall will push up above the footwall that slips downward. |
| What is formed at a strike slip fault? | A transform boundary. |
| Define a fold. | A fold is rock that has been bended by compressions that shorten and thicken earth's crust. |
| How does this relate to anticlines and synclines? | Anticlines and synclines are the up and downward folds in rock. Anticlines are the arches of the fold, and synclines are the drops. |
| How do folded mountains form? | When to plates collide, they cause compression the land to fold, this creates some of the largest mountain ranges in the world. |
| What stretches earth's crust? | Fault block mountains. |
| Define a fault block mountain. | Mountains that form from tension in Earth's crust. |
| How does a fault block mountain form? | Two normal faults cause a valley to drop down. The hanging walls will slip down, and the footwalls are now above the land around them. |
| Describe a plateau, and how it forms. | A plateau is a flat topped area elevated high above sea level. Wider than it is tall, and composed of many layers. Created the same way mountains form. |
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glsrachela
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