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SLS Bio12 Resp. MR

SLS Bio12 Respiration MR

TermDefinition
Alveoli any of the many tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.
aortic bodies one of several small clusters of chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, and supporting cells located along the aortic arch
bicarbonate ions a salt of carbonic acid, containing the HCO 3 −1group; an acid carbonate, as sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO 3.
bronchi either of the two main branches of the trachea.
bronchioles any of the minute branches into which a bronchus divides.
carbaminohemoglobin is a compound of hemoglobin and carbon dioxide, and is one of the forms in which carbon dioxide exists in the blood.
Carbon Dioxide a colorless, odorless gas produced by burning carbon and organic compounds and by respiration. It is naturally present in air (about 0.03 percent) and is absorbed by plants in photosynthesis.
carbonic anhydrase an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of dissolved bicarbonates and carbon dioxide.
carotid bodies a small mass of receptors in the carotid artery sensitive to chemical change in the blood.
cilia plural form of cilium.
diaphragm a dome-shaped, muscular partition separating the thorax from the abdomen in mammals. It plays a major role in breathing, as its contraction increases the volume of the thorax and so inflates the lungs.
exhalation the process or action of exhaling.
external respiration exchange of gases between the external environment and a distributing system of the animal body (as the lungs of higher vertebrates or the tracheal tubes of insects) or between the alveoli of the lungs and the blood — compare internal respiration.
hydrogen ions the cation H+ of acids consisting of a hydrogen atom whose electron has been transferred to the anion of the acid. 2 : hydronium.
inhalation the action of inhaling or breathing in.
intercostal muscles several groups of muscles that run between the ribs, and help form and move the chest wall
internal respiration the exchange of gases (as oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the cells of the body and the blood by way of the fluid bathing the cells
larynx the hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords in humans and other mammals; the voice box.
lungs each of the pair of organs situated within the rib cage, consisting of elastic sacs with branching passages into which air is drawn, so that oxygen can pass into the blood and carbon dioxide be removed.
mucus a slimy substance, typically not miscible with water, secreted by mucous membranes and glands for lubrication, protection, etc
nasal cavity The nasal cavity (or nasal fossa) is a large air filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face.
oxygen a colorless, odorless reactive gas, the chemical element of atomic number 8 and the life-supporting component of the air.
oxyhemoglobin a bright red substance formed by the combination of hemoglobin with oxygen, present in oxygenated blood.
pH a figure expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale on which 7 is neutral, lower values are more acid, and higher values more alkaline.
pharynx the membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus.
pleural membrane The pleural membrane is thin, moist, slippery and has two layers.
reduced hemoglobin the form of Hb in red blood cells after the oxygen of oxyhemoglobin is released in the tissues.
respiratory centre in the medulla oblongata The RCs receive controlling signals of neural, chemical and hormonal nature and control the rate and depth of respiratory movements of the diaphragm and other respiratory muscles.
respiratory tract the passage formed by the mouth, nose, throat, and lungs, through which air passes during breathing.
ribs one of a series of curved bones that are articulated with the vertebrae and occur in pairs, 12 in humans, on each side of the vertebrate body, certain pairs being connected with the sternum and forming the thoracic wall.
stretch receptors a sensory receptor that responds to the stretching of surrounding muscle tissue and so contributes to the coordination of muscle activity.
thoracic cavity the chamber of the body of vertebrates that is protected by the thoracic wall
trachea a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes and conveying air to and from the lungs; the windpipe.
Created by: mridout
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