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anatomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Excitability | muscle to respond to a stimulus |
| Extensibility | ability to be stretched |
| Elasticity | ability to recoil their original shape |
| Contractility | muscle to shorten with force |
| Epimysium | skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue |
| Fascia | connective tissue located outside the epimysium |
| Endomysium | each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath |
| Myofibrils | threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other |
| Actin Myofilaments | thin myofilaments |
| Myosin Myofilaments | thick myofilaments |
| sarcomeres | joined end to end to form the myofibril |
| A Band | extends the length of the myosin |
| Resting Membrane Potential | the charge diffrence across the membrane |
| Action potential | The breif reversal back of charge |
| Motor Neurons | nerve cells that carry action potential to the skeletal muscle fibers |
| Neuromusclar junction | forms each branch that connects to the muscle |
| Synapse | near the center of the cell |
| Motor Unit | a single motor neuron and all skeletal muscle fibers |
| Presynaptic terminal | the enlarged nerve terminal |
| Synaptic cleft | space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell |
| Postsynaptic terminal | the muscle fiber |
| Synaptic vesicles | Presynaptic terminal contains |
| Acetylcholine | secretes a neurootransmitter |
| Sliding filament mechanism | the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contgraction |
| Thresold | A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches that level |
| All-or-None Response | A Phenomenon |
| Lag phase | the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and beginning of a contraction |
| Contraction phase | the time of contraction |
| Relaxation Phase | the time during which the muscle relaxes |
| Tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
| Recruitment | the increase in number of motor units being activated |
| Creatine Phosphate | high energy molecule |
| Anaerobic Respiration | without oxygen |
| Aerobic Respiration | with oxygen |
| Oxygen Debt | the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose |
| Muscle Fatigue | result when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced |
| Isometric | equal distance |
| Isotonic | equal tension |
| Muscle tone | muscle tone refers to constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time |
| Fast twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly |
| slow twitch fibers | contract more slowly and more resistant to fatigue |
| Origin | the most stationary end of the muscle |
| Insertion | is the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
| Belly | the portion of the muscle between the origin and insertion |
| Synergist | muscle that works together to accomplish specific movement |
| Antagonist | muscles that work in opposition to one another |
| Prime mover | one muscle playing the major role in accomplishing the desired movement |
| Occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrows |
| Orbicularis oculi | closes the eyelids and causes wrinkles in the skin at lateral corners of the eye |
| Orbicularis oris | puckers the lips |
| Buccinator | flattens the cheeks. |
| Zygomaticus | smiling muscle |
| Levator labii superioris | sneering |
| Depressor anguli oris | frowning |
| Mastication | chewing |
| Intrinsic tongue muscle | change the shape of the tongue |
| Extrinsic tongue muscle | moves the tongue |
| Thoracic muscle | muscle that moves the thorax |
| Trapezius | rotates scapula |
| Serratus anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly |
| Pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arm |
| Deltoid | attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle |
| Triceps brachii | extends the forearm |
| Biceps brachii | flexes the forearm occupies the anterior compartment of the arm |
| Brachialis | flexes the forearm |
| Brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm |
| Flexor carpi | flexes the wrist |
| Extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
| Flexor digitorum | flexes the finger |
| Extensor digitorum | extends fingers |
| Gluteus maximas | buttocks |
| Quadriceps femoris | extends the leg and anterior thigh muscle |
| Sartorius | flexes the thigh |
| Hamstring | posterior thigh muscle flexes the leg and extends thigh |
| Gastrocnemius | forms the calf muscle |
Created by:
munchiesLOL
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