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J. Sills Evolution
J.Sills Evolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| evolution | change in a species over time |
| natural selection | mechanism for evolution; organisms with the best traits and adaptations survive, reproduce, and pass those traits to offspring |
| artificial selection | purposely breeding individuals with specific traits in order to produce offspring with those traits |
| homologous structures | structures in different species that show a common evolutionary origin |
| analogous structures | structures that may be similar in function but do not show a common evolutionary origin |
| vestigial structures | a structure in a present-day organisms that no longer serves a purpose but may have in an ancestor |
| adaptation | any structure, behavior, trait that helps an organism survive in an environment |
| mimicry | adaptation where one species resembles the appearance or behavior of another species |
| camouflage | adaptation that enables an organism to blend with its surroundings |
| fossil | physical evidence of an organism that lived long ago |
| anatomy | study of the location and appearance of body structures |
| physiological adaptations | changes in an organism’s metabolic and internal processes that help survival |
| embryo | earliest stage of growth and development in plants and animals |
| DNA | makes up genes and chromosomes; instructions for life |
| Charles Darwin | "father of evolution"; modern evolutionary theory is based on his work |
| variation | differences in a trait or characteristic |
| environmental pressure | factor in an organism's environment that influences survival |
| mutation | a change, or error, in DNA; can lead to a new trait |
| speciation | the formation of a new species through evolution/natural selection. |
| habitat | where an organism lives - it's home |
| niche | an organisms "job," or role in the environment |
| Embryology | branch of biology that studies embryos and their development |
| gradualism | morphological changes in organisms occur slow and steadily over time. |
| common descent/ancestry | one species becomes the ancestor of two or more species later in time |
| diversification | cumulative changes that happen in a populations DNA over time |
| biochemistry | science that explores the chemistry of living organisms. Brings chemistry and biology together. |
| anatomical adaptation | physical features of an organisms body structure that help it survive and reproduce |
| extinction | A particular species no longer exists |
| Fitness | Reflects how well an organism is adapted to its environment. |
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jsills
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