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Kim.lpz

Vocabulary words to know for the test

TermDefinition
Mitosis a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
Cytokinesis the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
Replication process whereby DNA makes a copy of itself before cell division
Cell cycle the cycle of growth and asexual reproduction of a cell, consisting of interphase followed in actively dividing cells by prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Chromosomes any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry the genes in a linear order: the human species has 23 pairs, designated 1 to 22 in order of decreasing size and X and Y for the female and male sex chromosomes respectively.
Chromatid ach of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.
Diploid double; twofold.
Interphase the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.
Crossing Over A process occurring during meiosis wherein two chromosomes pair up and exchange segments of their genetic material.
Tetrad A four-part structure that forms during the prophase of meiosis and consists of two homologous chromosomes, each composed of two sister chromatids.
Synapsis the pairing of homologous chromosomes, one from each parent, during early meiosis.
Polar Bodies each of the small cells that bud off from an oocyte at the two meiotic divisions and do not develop into ova.
Gametogenesis the development of gametes.
Gonad The sex organ producing gametes.
Gamete a mature sexual reproductive cell, as a sperm or egg, that unites with another cell to form a new organism.
Ovum/Ova the female reproductive cell or gamete of plants.
Sperm a male reproductive cell; spermatozoon.
Haploid pertaining to a single set of chromosomes.
Created by: Kim.lpz
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