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genetics course comp
WGU course compass genetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pleiotropy | Occurs when a single gene affects more than one trait. |
| Polygenic traits | Traits determined by more than one gene. |
| Prokaryotes | Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and organelles, including bacteria and archaea. |
| Eukaryotes | Organisms whose cells have a nucleus and organelles, including protists, animals, plants, and fungi. |
| Meiosis | A form of cell division in which one diploid cell divides into 4 haploid daughter cells. |
| Linked genes | Genes that are often inherited together. |
| Codominance | When the combination of two alleles in a heterozygote results in both traits being expressed. |
| Incomplete dominance | When the combination of two alleles in a heterozygote produces an intermediate trait. |
| Alleles | Versions of genes. |
| Heterozygotes | Has two different alleles. |
| Homozygotes | Has two identical alleles. |
| mRNA | The RNA molecule made during transcription. |
| Translation | Where the RNA molecule is used to assemble a protein. |
| Transcription | During this process, DNA is used as a template for building a molecule of RNA. |
| Replication | The process in which DNA is copied. |
| Haploid | A cell with only one kind of chromosome, such as sperm and egg cells. |
| Diploid | A cell with two of each kind of chromosome. |
| Chromosomes | Packages of DNA |
| Phenotype | Observable physical and biochemical characteristics, or traits. |
| Genotype | Genetic makeup of an organism contained in its DNA. |
| Gene | A section of DNA that contains instructions for making a protein. |
| Mutations | Occurs when the sequence of nucleotides in an organism's DNA is changed. |
| Recombination | The production of new combinations of genes different from those found in the parental chromosomes. |
| Mitosis | A form of cell division in which one parent cell divides into two daughter cells, each of which contains the same genetic information as the parent cell. |