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Weathering & Erosion

unit 8 vocab

TermDefinition
weathering the various mechanical and chemical processes that cause exposed rock to decompose
erosion the process by which the surface of the earth is worn away by the action of water, glaciers, winds, waves, etc.
physical weathering weathering processes that cause physical disintegration of exposed rock without any change in the chemical composition of the rock
chemical weathering weathering processes that cause exposed rock to undergo chemical decomposition, changing the chemical and mineralogical composition of the rock
frost action weathering process causedd by cycles of freezing and thawing of water in suface pores, cracks, and other openings
soil surface layer of earth
humus organic remains of decomposed vegitation in soil
soil horizon a layer of soil which differs in structure and composition from the adjacent layers
zone of aeration region in the ground where pore spaces are filled with air
leaf litter decomposing leaf litter releases nutrients into the soil and also keeps it moist
topsoil layer of soil where most nutrients for plants are found
sediments
deposition
discharge
glacier action
suspended solids refers to small solid particles which remain in suspension in water as a colloid or due to the motion of the water. It is used as one indicator of water quality
bedrock lithified rock that lies under the loose softer material at the surface of the Earth
aquifer an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials from which groundwater can be extracted using a water well
terrace a flat area of land built into the landscape for agriculture
runoff Runoff is the movement of landwater to the oceans and consists of precipitation
karst topography a landscape formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. It is characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves
watershed an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas
Created by: 3082817
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