Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Schwartz NBEO 1
1000 facts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ( ) blue, ( ) green ( ) red are the cone peaks | 450,510,570 |
| ___ quanta are minimum for detection in dark adapted person | 5 to 14, average of 9 |
| a deuteranomolous trichromat mataches ___ with red and green on the anomoloscope, a normal trichromate would see more___ | yellow, green |
| a gray square will appear red on a ___ background because of simulataneous contrast | green |
| a myope sees a __ center with a ___ fringe when looking at a cobalt filter | red , blue |
| a person cannot be a ____ | deuteranomolous deuteranope |
| a protanope and a deuteranope have the same ___ luminosity curve | scotopic |
| __ ( not effect) states the luminance of a mixture of colors is equal to the sum of the luminance of it parts (luminance is additive) | Abney's law |
| airy's disc is due to __ | diffraction |
| an emmetrope with +1.00 will see a __ circle with __ center | blue, red |
| at the rod saturation pt, 10% of the pigment is ___ | bleached |
| ___ motion is apparent motion of small isolated object in dark environment | Autokinetic |
| ___ masking is explained by a latency difference | backward |
| ___ of the retina can be seen as moving spots while looking at a brightly illuminated surface (blue sky) | blue arcs |
| ____ are entopic phenomena seen in the center of the fovea | blue spots or maxwell spots |
| ___ color vision problems can be due to acquired ON defect | blue yellow |
| Cataracts and age ___ CFF | decrease |
| Cells in an ocular dominance column respond to stimuli in the __ orientation | same |
| CFF decreases ___ by age 40,70% is due to ___ | decrease, senile miosis |
| CFF __ with yellowing of the lens | decreases |
| CFF __ with light intensity , if high frequency | increases |
| it takes __ minutes for 50% of rods to regenerate and __ min for 50% of cones to regenerate | 5, 1.5 |
| kitten's critical period is | 1-3 months |
| Lambert surface reflects light equally in __ direction (a perfect diffuser) | ALL |
| large pupils effect VA by __ & ___ aberration | spherical and chromatic |
| location of maximal stimulus for rods is | > 20 degrees |
| __ is the rate of passage of light from a source | luminous flux |
| clouds are white due to ____ scatter | Tyndall |
| color confusion is the basis for ____ | pseudoisochromatic plates |
| color specification can be demonstrated by __,__,___ | hue, chroma, value |
| complete spatial summation is implied in _____ | Ricco's law |
| cones are maximally sensitive @ ___ | 555 nm |
| Contrast sensitivity peaks at all spatial frequencies by age ___ and remains until __ | 18, 39 |
| contrast sensitivity shows overall depression under ___ condition | mesopic |
| ___ varies directly with the effective size of a retinal unit | depth of focus |
| ___ is the minimum visible | detection VA |
| ____'s colors generally attributed to different photoreceptor latencies | fechner's |
| for given exposure to light, __ bleach faster | cone |
| For every __ you move out on the horopter, panum's fusional area gets larger by __ degree | 5, 1 |
| __ and __ contribute to chroma | Hue and saturation |
| __ specifies how much color stimulus differs from a white light of equal brightness | HUE |
| if cones and rods are both bleached, after 5 minutes, more __ than __ will be regenerated | cones , rods |
| if you induce exotropia, a monkey will be able to see out of either, , but not at the same time | |
| if you wanted to test scotopic dark adaptation, you would use ___ target located __ degrees eccentrically | blue/green , 20 |
| in a badal optometer, a __, lens would provide __ per centimeter of object displacement | +40, 16D |
| in the dark, accommodative posture is __ infinitiy | inside |
| __ yields a continuous spectrum | incandescence |
| in the leaf room, all __ cues are removed | monocular |
| induced effect is from X __. geometric effect is from __ | 180, x090 |
| monkeys critical period is ___ | 6 wks |
| monkeys raised in a confined environment will exhibit ___ | myopia |
| Moore 's lighting streaks may be a sign of ___ | PVD |
| most common ectopic phenomena are from ___ | vitreal floaters |
| most common form of hereditary CV deficiency is __ | deuteranomaly |
| most common method of determining the horopter is the __ | apparent fronto-parallel plane |
| ___ parallax is a cue that is within arms length | motion |
| __ myopia is due to resting accommodation, chromatic aberration, spherical aberration, and extrafoveal fixation | Night |
| Normal vernier acutity is __ | 2-4 seconds |
| panum's fusional area is the largest ___ | in the periphery |
| peak of CFF is __ | 5 cycles/degree |
| phosphenes are more commonly seen in ___ women, and are seen __ and __ | middle aged, vertically and temporally |
| pulfrich phenomenon is seen ___ with filter on the OD ey e | Counterclockwise |
| receptive fields of complex cells are selective for ____ | motion of a certain orientation |
| red curve is missing for __, green for __ | prontonopes,deuteronopes |
| red-yellow are the colors that are confused by a ____ | tritanope |
| refocusing with (+) lens affects CSF @ __ frequency | high |
| retinal vessels are not visible due to ___ effect | troxler effect |
| rods are maximally sensitive @ | 505 |
| signal detection DOES NOT detect ___ | background noise |
| Sky is blue due to ____ | rayleigh scatter |
| small pupil decreases VA by ___ | Diffraction |
| snellen acutiy compares with CSF at ___ frequency | highest frequency |
| spectral sensitivity shifts towards __ wavelengths as you age | LOW |
| stereopsis requires ___ disparity | HORIZONTAL |
| stiles crawford effect I (angle affects brightness) has to do with wave property of light | |
| stiles crawford effect I is present in __ and __ , but more in ___ | rods and cone, cones |
| temporal summation is ___ sec for scotopic and __ msec for photoptic | 100 ms, and 10-50 msec |
| temporal summation is ___ of wavelength | independent |
| temporal summation is longer for ___ stimuli and lower __ levels | pattern, light |
| the ___ wave has the highest amplitude | B |
| the best measure of resoln acuity is __ | grating stimuli |
| the flicker and cascade methods represents techniques used in ____ | heterochromatic photometry |
| the greatest modulation in a diagram is the one with the greatest difference in | peak and trough |
| the hue that will appear least saturated to deuteranope is ___ | green |
| the ___is a unit of luminous flux (luminous pwr) | lumen |
| the main reason for modular transfer is ___ image on the retina | quality |
| the min distance that can be resolved at 1km with the unaided eye is ___ | 26.8 |
| the nonius horopter is referred to as the ___ horopter | equi-angular |
| the peak of phototopic luminosity curve is ___ | 555 |
| the perceived brightness of a brief single flash stimulus remains constant if time is ___ than the critical duration | greater |
| the photochromatic interval is __ for red stimuli and is larger for ____ | 0, blue/green |
| ____ are designed around confusion lines in the CIE diagram | pseudoisochromatic plates |
| the process of colors analysis begins at the ___ | retina |
| the purkinje shift prves the __ theory | purkinje |
| the spatial modulation transfer fxn is the ratio of the input frequency to the __ input | contrast |
| Luminance, chromaticity, s phase( LCS) potential are ___ | graded, transient |
| the threshold sensitivity of ___ is more affected than cones by a given amt of pigment bleaching | rods |
| the time required to perceive apparent motion is a ___ msec pause btw 2 targets | 50-60 |
| the __ is a measure of retinal illuminance | troland |
| the ___ is the luminance of a stimulus times the area of the entrance pupil | troland |
| under scoptopic conditions , ___ will seems brighter | blue poker chips |
| ___ light causes cataract changes and is the most damaging to ocular structures | UV B 300 |
| VA ___ as airy disc __ | increases, decreases |
| __ is the best measure of VA | vernier |
| ___ are preferred in the cortex | vertical |
| VM circle is the locus of pts with ---geometric retinal disparity | 0 |
| when you fixate on a dart target, it is __ | oculoexentric |
| with ODX90 and OS X 180 right wall will seem ___ | farther out |
Created by:
rajal2010
Popular Science sets