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J.Sills Osmosis

QuestionAnswer
diffusion movement of particles from high to low concentration
osmosis movement of water from high to low concentration across a semi-permeable membrane
selectively permeable some materials can enter and exit, but not all
concentration gradient "natural flow from high to low" concentration
isotonic water flows in and out of cell at same rate; balanced; state of homeostasis
hypotonic (direction of water flow) water enters cell causing it to swell
hypertonic (direction of water flow) water exits cell the cell causing it to shrink
passive transport transport in cells that does not need energy because movement is with the gradient; (like riding the "down" escalator)
active transport transport that needs energy because movement is against the gradient; (like going "up" the "down" escalator)
facilitated diffusion substances diffuse across the cell membrane with help from transport proteins
transport protein proteins that transport substances across the cell membrane
endocytosis cell "engulfs" particles that are too big to cross membrane; materials in
exocytosis cell "expels" substances that are too big to cross membrane; materials exit
cell membrane semi-permeable barrier between cells internal and external environment
hypertonic (concentration of water) higher concentration of water inside of the cell
hypotonic (concentration of water) higher concentration of water outside of the cell
surface tension stronger attractive force of water molecules on the surface of water
capillary action upward movement of water through narrow tubes in plants.
solvent a substance that dissolves another
solute the substance being dissolved
solution the solute and solvent mixed together
hydrophobic will not mix with water; "water fearing"
hydrophilic mixes with water; "water loving"
homeostasis state of maintaining constant, stable, balanced conditions for survival; also called "dynamic equilibrium"
polar/polarity having unequal/uneven distribution of charges (+ and -)
Cohesion water molecules sticking to other water molecules
adhesion water molecules sticking to other things
pH measure of how acidic or basic a substance is
acid pH below 7
base pH above 7
Neutral pH of 7
atom basic building blocks of all matter
element basic substance that cannot be broken down any further.
Reactant what you start a chemical reaction with; on left side of the arrow
Product what you end a chemical reaction with; on the right side of the arrow.
Equilibrium balance; equal
Created by: jsills
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