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Sci 8:Earth's Waters
Chapter 2: Fresh Water
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What 3 factors determine whether water soaks into the ground or flows over the ground as runoff? | The nature of the ground surface, rainfall rate, slope of the land. |
| The land area that supplies water to a river system is called a (n): | Watershed |
| Water that flows over the ground surface is called a (n): | Runoff |
| A broad, flat valley through which a river flows is a (n): | Flood plain |
| A ridge of land that separates one watershed from another is a (n): | Divide |
| A looping curve in a river is a (n): | Meander |
| The process by which fragments of soil and rock are left behind as moving water slows down is called: | Deposition |
| In a river meander, what is happening on the OUTER portion of the meander? | Erosion |
| In a river meander, what is happening on the INNER portion of the meander? | Deposition |
| Ponds and lakes form in: | Hollows |
| Hollows are formed by these 3 possible methods: | Volcanoes, melting ice, movement of the Earth's crust |
| Name at least one organism found in this pond habitat: On the shore: | Grasses, trees, algae, redwing blackbird |
| Name at least one organism found in this pond habitat: In the shallow water near the shore: | Frogs, tadpoles, sunfish, perch |
| Name at least one organism found in this pond habitat: At the bottom of the pond: | Water lily roots, snails, crayfish |
| Name at least one organism found in this pond habitat: At the surface: | Algae, water lilies, dragonflies |
| The process when the warm top layers of a lake cool, becomes more dense and sinks causing the lake water to mix together is called: | Lake turnover |
| A lake or body of water that is stored for human uses is called a (n): | Reservoir |
| What are 3 ways reservoirs may be used? | For supplying drinking water, for irrigation, boating and fishing |
| Identify 3 human actions that pose a threat to the everglades: | Farming has introduced harmful chemicals, Developments of new homes, New canals and levees have changed the flow to the everglades |
| An area of land that is covered with shallow water during some or all of the year is called a (n): | Wetland |
| A freshwater wetland that looks like a flooded forest with trees growing in shallow water is called a (n): | Swamp |
| A huge mass of ice and snow that moves slowly over land is called a (n): | Glacier |
| An ice sheet that spreads over a large area of land is called a (n): | Continental glacier |
| A glacier that forms in the mountains and slides down into a valley is called a (n): | Valley glacier |
| A large chunk of ice that floats in the ocean is called a (n): | Iceberg |
| What two (2) factors determine how easily water moves through a material? | Size of the pores. Whether the pores are conected to one another. |
| Materials that allow water to easily pass through are called | Permeable |
| Materials that water cannot easily pass through are called | Impermeable |
| The area of permeable rock or soil that is totally filled, or saturated is called | Saturated zone |
| The top of the saturated zone is called the | Water Table |
| The layer of rocks and soil above the water table is called the | Unsaturated zone |
| Any underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water is called a (an) | Aquifer |
| A well in which water rises because of pressure within the aquifer is called a (an) | Artesian Well |
| New water that enters the acquifer from the surface is called | Recharge |
| A type of hot spring from which water bursts periodically through the air is called a | Gyser |
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SJSScience
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