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HUNS: Meiosis

Ch. 9 Meiosis vocab flashcards for Hunsicker

QuestionAnswer
Meiosis Gonadal process creates 4 different haploid gametes (egg & sperm)
Haploid(n) Cell with single set of chromosomes (EX. human egg or sperm n=23)
Gametes Term for haploid sex cells (sperm and egg)
Fertilization Another term for syngamy or union of gametes (sperm+egg)
Zygote Fertilized egg after union of gametes (diploid 2n)
Karyotype Visual display of 23 homolugous chromosomes (one pair from father one from mother)
Homologous Chromosomes Matching pairs of chromosomes; one from each parent
Gonads sex organs (ovaries or testes); site of meiosis and gamete production
Sex Chromosomes 23rd pair of chromosomes; determine sex: XX(female); XY(male)
Crossing Over Exchange of genes between two non-sister chromatids during prophase I
Prophase I Homologous synapse from tetrads; crossing over occurs
Chiasmata Visible X shaped regions=crossovers between 2 non-sister chromatids
Metaphase I Homologous chromosome align opposite; spindle fibers attach to only one side
Locus a gene's specific location along a given chromosome
Allele Version of a gene carried at a particular location along a chromosome
Anaphase I Homologous chromosomes separate; called Reduction Division (2n-> n)
Metaphase II Sister chromatids align at the middle; spindle fibers on both sides of centromere
Anaphase II Sister chromatids separate to opposite poles -> 4 haploid nuclei
Random Assortment Shuffling of homologous chromosomes at metaphase I -> genetic variation
2N ( 2 to the n power) # of gamete types from (n) pairs of homologous chromosomes; 2 to the 23 power= 8 x 10 to the 6 power
Genetic Recombination New combinations of genetic material as a result of crossing over in Prophase I
Gene Term for a heredity unit at a given location on a chromosome
Animals Organisms in which meiosis creates gametes which soon unite into a zygote
Diploid (2n) Contains full chromosome complement : 23 from each parent
Genome Complete set of human genes (38,000)
Fern Organism where meiosis creates thousands of genetically different spores
Created by: jaso290
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