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Science 8th Chp. 20
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| rotation | an object that spins on its axis |
| revolution | an object that moves around a star |
| Sumerians | thought the earth was flat and they acknowledged celestial movement but attributed it to the gods |
| Ptolemy | made the geocentric model where the earth is in the center of everything with all other objects revolving around us |
| Copernicus | made the heliocentric model where the sun is in the center and earth is just another planet |
| ellipse | squished egg |
| Galileo | used his newly developed telescope and discovered Jupiter's 4 largest moons |
| Tycho Brahe | made accurate observations and records of locations of planets |
| Kepler | used Brahe's data along with his own to show that planets move in ellipses |
| Core (sun) | the central area of the sun where nuclear fusion takes place |
| radiation zone | very tightly packed region-plasma phase- of the sun where energy is transferred mainly in the form of light |
| convection zone | outermost layer of the sun's interior that moves heat towards the surface in a current |
| photosphere | visible surface of the sun |
| chromosphere | usually not visible due to light of the photosphere |
| corona | outermost part of sun's atmosphere/ visible as halo of light during eclipse |
| sunspot | dark areas on the surface of the sun that appear to be burnt out and they always travel in pairs |
| solar prominence | a loop of plasma coming off the surface of the sun gets pulled back in by gravity |
| solar flare | a column of plasma coming from the surface of the sun near a sunspot |
| solar wind | steady stream of electrically charged particles/ where ions enter at the earths poles and the ions change into light which is known as an aurora |
| solar radiation | any form of electromagnetic radiation coming off the sun |
| terrestrial | rocky surface with metal core, magnetic field, and atmospheres |
| greenhouse effect | phenomena where heat enters clouds and gets trapped |
| Io | most volcanic |
| Ganymede | largest moon in solar system |
| Europa | moon that may have life |
| Bode | predicted that there were planets after mars |
| Piazzi | discovered Ceres |
| Ceres | largest asteroid |
| meteoroids | bodies of rock and metal that travel through our solar system |
| meteor | a meteoroid that enters earths atmosphere and is destroyed by friction |
| meteorite | a rare occasion when the meteor hits earths surface |
| comets | dirty snowballs |
| Oort cloud | "comet nursery" beyond the edges of Pluto/ cold( made of dust, rock, and ice) |
| nuclei | frozen mass at the center of a comet |
| coma | outer edges of slush when heat hits the nuclei |
| tail | formed when the solar wind pushes the coma away from the nuclei |
| Goldilocks Conditions | conditions that are optimal to human life |
| Probe | unmanned space explorer |
| shuttle | manned space explorer |
| nuclear fusion | small mass nuclei smash together to form large mass nuclei |
Created by:
mnauroth
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