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Science 8th Chp. 20

TermDefinition
rotation an object that spins on its axis
revolution an object that moves around a star
Sumerians thought the earth was flat and they acknowledged celestial movement but attributed it to the gods
Ptolemy made the geocentric model where the earth is in the center of everything with all other objects revolving around us
Copernicus made the heliocentric model where the sun is in the center and earth is just another planet
ellipse squished egg
Galileo used his newly developed telescope and discovered Jupiter's 4 largest moons
Tycho Brahe made accurate observations and records of locations of planets
Kepler used Brahe's data along with his own to show that planets move in ellipses
Core (sun) the central area of the sun where nuclear fusion takes place
radiation zone very tightly packed region-plasma phase- of the sun where energy is transferred mainly in the form of light
convection zone outermost layer of the sun's interior that moves heat towards the surface in a current
photosphere visible surface of the sun
chromosphere usually not visible due to light of the photosphere
corona outermost part of sun's atmosphere/ visible as halo of light during eclipse
sunspot dark areas on the surface of the sun that appear to be burnt out and they always travel in pairs
solar prominence a loop of plasma coming off the surface of the sun gets pulled back in by gravity
solar flare a column of plasma coming from the surface of the sun near a sunspot
solar wind steady stream of electrically charged particles/ where ions enter at the earths poles and the ions change into light which is known as an aurora
solar radiation any form of electromagnetic radiation coming off the sun
terrestrial rocky surface with metal core, magnetic field, and atmospheres
greenhouse effect phenomena where heat enters clouds and gets trapped
Io most volcanic
Ganymede largest moon in solar system
Europa moon that may have life
Bode predicted that there were planets after mars
Piazzi discovered Ceres
Ceres largest asteroid
meteoroids bodies of rock and metal that travel through our solar system
meteor a meteoroid that enters earths atmosphere and is destroyed by friction
meteorite a rare occasion when the meteor hits earths surface
comets dirty snowballs
Oort cloud "comet nursery" beyond the edges of Pluto/ cold( made of dust, rock, and ice)
nuclei frozen mass at the center of a comet
coma outer edges of slush when heat hits the nuclei
tail formed when the solar wind pushes the coma away from the nuclei
Goldilocks Conditions conditions that are optimal to human life
Probe unmanned space explorer
shuttle manned space explorer
nuclear fusion small mass nuclei smash together to form large mass nuclei
Created by: mnauroth
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