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Stars, Sun, Universe
Stars, Sun, and Universe Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A collection of large and small bodies that orbit a central star. | Solar system |
| A spherical body that orbits the sun | planet |
| A large collection of stars, gas, and dust that is held together by gravity | galaxy |
| A spiral galaxy that we live in | Milky Way |
| A large celestial body that is composed of gas and emits light | star |
| The distance that light travels through space in 1 year | Light-year |
| All space and all the matter and energy in it | Universe |
| The actual brightness of a star | luminosity |
| the measure of a star's brightness as seen from Earth | apparent magnitude |
| the measure of how bright a star would be if the star were located at standard distance - known from Earth | absolute magnitude |
| A large cloud of dust and gas and is the birth place of stars | nebula |
| the graph that astronomers use to measure a star's brightness | H-R Diagram |
| Model that shows the sun as the center and all the planets orbiting it | Heliocentric |
| Model that shows the Earth as the center and the sun and planets orbiting it | Geocentric |
| the force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses and the distances between them | gravity |
| the inward force that causes an object to move in a circular path | centripetal force |
| the process by which two or more low-mass atomic nuclei fuse to from another, heavier nucleus | nuclear fusion |
| the rotation of a body in which different parts of a body have different periods of rotation | differential rotation |
| An explosive release of energy that can extend outward as far as the sun's outer atmosphere | solar flare |
| huge loops of relatively cool gas that extend outward from the photosphere thousands of kilometers into the outer atmosphere of the sun | prominences |
| As a planet moves around its orbit, it sweeps out equal areas in equal times; "The Law of Equal Areas" | Kepler's Second Law |
| The law that states that planets orbit in an elliptical path | Kepler's First Law |
| Period squared divided by distance cubed; It is true of all planets and satellites. "The Law of Harmonies" | Kepler's Third Law |
| mass 1 times mass 2 divided by the distance squared | Formula for Gravitational Force |
| The layer of the sun that we see and consider the surface. It contains sunspots. | photosphere |
| The largest and gas vapor layer of the sun | corona |
| The center of the sun | core |
| The layer of the sun through which energy travels from the radiative zone to the photosphere. | convection zone |
| Energy is transferred from the core to the convection zone through this layer of the sun | radiative zone |
| Cooler dark spots on the sun's surface | sunspots |
| The area where most stars are located on the H-R diagram | main sequence |
Created by:
sfowle
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