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Exam 2 Bio 2
Chapter 41
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 vital things animals obtain from their food | chemical energy, building blocks for macromolecules, and essential nutrients |
| The proteins in most meat products are ______ and contain all 8 essential amino acids for humans | complete |
| The proteins in most plant products are _____and are missing one or more of the human essential amino acids | incomplete |
| There are few of these essential nutrients and they are easy to obtain in seeds and grain | fatty acids |
| The four essential nutrients are _____fatty acids, vitamins ,and minerals | amino acids |
| ____ are Organic compounds that are either H2O- or fat-soluble | vitamins |
| the fat soluble vitamin ___ is responsible for visual pigments | A |
| the fat soluble vitamin____ is responsible for blood clotting | K |
| the fat soluble vitamin____is responsible for hormone function/bone production | D |
| the fat soluble vitamin___ is responsible for the nervous system | E |
| the H2O soluble vitamin____ is responsible for coenzymes | B |
| the H2O soluble vitamin ____ is responsible for collagen production | C |
| ____ are Inorganic substances that are important in variety of body functions and many are important enzyme _____ | minerals,cofactors |
| _____ occurs when a diet is lacking one or more essential nutrients | malnutrition |
| ______ occurs when a diet is lacking in required amounts of chemical energy | undernutrition |
| some animals are deposit feeders/ substrate feeders which means they..... | eat |
| ____satisfy their nutritional needs by sucking body fluids from other organisms | fluid feeders |
| ______ ingest large pieces of food | bulk feeders |
| In most animals, the vast majority of digestion is extracellular and occurs inside the digestive tube also known as _____ | alimentary canal |
| sphincters are _____ that control the progress of food through the tract | muscles |
| digestion in organs is aided by ______ | accessory glands |
| food is passed through a series of specialized digestive organs by ______ which is contractions of ______ muscle | peristalsis,smooth |
| all digestive vessels lead to liver via ____ vein | hepatic portal |
| chylomicrons are H2O-soluble_____ | globules |
| Major function of the colon is to ..... | reabsorb H2O |
| carnivores have ______ stomachs and _____ (longer/shorter) tracts | expanable,shorter |
| herbivores have _____(longer/shorter) tracts and have a much better developed cecum to produce ______ l | cellulose |
| ruminants rely heavily on mutualisms which have ____ chambered stomachs like deer, sheep, cattle | four |
| excess chemical energy in animals is stored as _____ in muscle and liver cells | glycogen |
| any excess glycogen is stored as ___ cells | fat |
| all body tissues require glucose for ______ | cellular respiration |
| when blood glucose rises after eating, the hormone _____ is released by pancreas which causes the liver to build ____ from glucose | insulin,glycogen |
| when blood glucose drops, _____ is released by pancreas liver breaks down glycogen, releasing glucose | glucagon |
| obesity is a result of _____ | overnurishment |
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