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Plate Tectonics

Unit 7 vocab

TermDefinition
Asthenosphere Layer on which the lithospheric plates float around
Continental Drift Process of the continents drifting apart
Lithosphere 100-kilometer-thick, rigid layer of Earth's surface
Pangaea Island of early Earth
Plate A large section of Earth's crust
Plate Tectonics Earth's crust and mantle are broken into layers
Seafloor Spreading Ocean floors formed by magma being forced upward
Earthquake A tremor caused by movement of tectonic plates
Epicenter Location directly above an earthquake's focus
Fault When rocks break
Focus Energy is released in seismic waves
Magnitude Measure of energy during an earthquake
Normal Fault Break in rock caused by tension forces
Reverse Fault Break in rock caused by compressive forces
Seismic Wave Earthquake-generated waves
Seismograph Used to register earthquake waves
Strike-Slip Fault Break in rock caused by shear forces
Tsunami Seismic sea wave
Batholith Largest intrusive igneous rock body
Caldera Forms when a volcano's top collapses
Cinder Cone Volcano Steep-sided volcano
Dike A type of feature of igneous rock
Hot Spot Unusually hot area between Earth's core and crust
Shield Volcano Volcano formed by quiet eruptions of basaltic lava
Sill Igneous rock feature formed when magma is squeezed into cracks in horizontal layers
Volcano Opening in Earth's crust where lava can flow out
Created by: 3083436
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