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Chemistry Review
Chapter 15
| How does the vapor pressure of water compare with most volatile liquids? | Vapor pressure of water is significantly lower |
| What is volatile liquids? | gasoline; goes into gas form easily |
| What is the best way to determine if a solution is an electrolyte? | does it conduct electricity |
| If electricity is not conducted through a solid compound but is conducted when the solid is dissolved(molten) what is the compound? | electrolyte |
| Why does ice float on liquid water? | hydrogen bonding causes water molecules in ice to be held apart in an orderly arrangement |
| How are water molecules arranged in ice? | in a framework of hexagonal shapes |
| Which types of compounds are usually electrolytes? (give example) | salts; examples: sodium chloride, lithium chloride, and lithium nitrate; (Groups 1,2,3 + Groups 5,6,7, or polyatomics ) |
| What is the difference in O to H(water) and C to H bonds(volatile)? | Hydrogen bonding is stronger among the water molecules than methane |
| How does hydrogen bonding account for the properties of water? | increases the attractive force among water molecules; allows water to exist in a liquid state among different temperatures |
| How does a suspension differ from a solution? | particles of a suspension are much larger and do not stay suspended |
| Why do hydrate easily gain and lose water? | because there's a relatively weak force that holds water molecules within the hydrate |
| What effect do surfactants have on water? | it decreases the surface tension of the water |
| What characteristic of water prevents water from evaporating too rapidly? | has lower vapor pressure which means that it has a wider range of temperatures |
| Liquid water forms small round beads on flat surface, why does this happen? | surface tension will hold water molecules together |
| What is the best way to determine if a mixture contains dissolved solids? | place electrodes in the water and observe if it conducts electricity |
| What atom in water is most electronegative? | oxygen |
| What are some examples of colloids? | smoke, fog, milk, and mayonnaise |
| What is the difference between a solution and a hydrate? | hydrates are crystals that contain water molecules while solutions are solutes that are dissolved in water |
| What compounds are most soluble in water? | ionic compounds(salts; Groups 1,2,3 + Groups 5,6,7,or polyatomics) |
| Interferes with hydrogen bonding between water molecules | surfactant |
| dissolving medium | solvent |
| homogeneous mixture of water and dissolved substances | aqueous solution |
| solute ions or molecules are surrounded by solvent molecules | solvation |
| compound that will conduct current in the liquid state or in aqueous solution | electrolyte |
| compound that ionizes incompletely in aqueous solution | weak electrolyte |
| mixture in which particle size averages between 1 nm and 1000 nm | colloid |
| inward force tending to minimize surface area of a liquid | surface tension |
| dissolved particle | solute |
| mixture in which particle size averages greater than 1000 nm in diameter | suspension |
| colloidal particles spread throughout a suspension | dispersed phase |
| phenomenon observed when beam of light passes through a colloid | Tyndall Effect |
| chaotic movement of colloidal particles | Brownian motion |
| colloid of a liquid in a liquid | emulsion |
Created by:
maryscamardo
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