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kingdom Animalia
Phylum Porifera cfhs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Phylum Porifera | sponges are placed in this group. It is named this because of its tiny openings, or "pores" |
| Habitat of a sponge, which is the most primitive species. | marine life, few freshwater |
| Size of sponge | 3 feet across and asymmetrical |
| Spicules | support structures and used for classification, made of silicon, calcium carbonate and spongin(this is what's used in bath) |
| structure of sponge | asymmetrical, hollow sac, simple skeleton |
| Osculum | large excurrent pore at top of sponge, small incurrent pores coastial line the sides |
| Collar Cells or Choanocytes | lines the inside of a sponge, use flagella to create currents to keep water moving and to capture food. |
| Amoebocytes | found inside the walls; picks up food, digest and distributes the food, and forms the spicule and gametes |
| What does movement of water through a sponge provide? | It is a simple mechanism for feeding, respiration, ciruclation, and excretion. |
| Locomotion | sessile(meaning that sponges live their entire adult life attached to a single spot)attached to rocks |
| Nutrition | heterotrophic filter feeders that draw microscopic organisms from water, trapped by Choanocytes, then digested or passed on the archaeocytes then digested out of sponge |
| Respiration and excretion | carried out through water |
| Reproduction | sponges can be asexual or sexual |
| Reproduction - sexual | amoebocytes produce gametes (fertilized egg) |
| Reproduction -asexual | 1.budding- a sponge breaks off and settles onto sea floor and grows 2. gemmules- special bud that is enclosed in tough outer covering that grows into new sponge when conditions are right 3. regeneration- |
| Nervous System | Sponges do not have this. (However, many produce toxins that may be poisonious to predators.) |
| Body wall formation | Asconoid -simplest, Syconoid, Leuconoid-Complex |
| Importance of Sponges | Coral Reefs- portect land from wave action, homes for sea life(provide shelter), and consumer products) |
| *Classification- Class Demospongiae | *more than 80% of all sponges are in this class *includes commercial bath sponges *have siliceous spicules spongin or both |
| Class Demospongiae EX: Cliona | "boring sponges" bore holes in discarded shells |
| Class Demospongia EX: Euspongia | Bath Sponge |
| *Class Hexactinellida | *glass sponges *siliceous spicules *live in cold deep water |
| Class Hexactinellida EX: Euplectella | Venus' flower basket |
| *Class Calcispongiae | *calcium carbonate spicules, *all 3 body types present |
| class Calcispongiae EX: list 3 | Sycon, Leucosolenia, Grantia |
Created by:
barbara2
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