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CNA 2016 C.34*
Nervous system and musculo-skeletal disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The removal of all or part of an extremity is | amputation |
| Arthritis is | joint inflammation |
| Arthroplasty is | the surgical replacement of a joint |
| A person has a fracture. The bone is broken but the skin is intact. The person has a(n) _____ fracture. | closed |
| A person has a fracture. The bone has come through the skin. The person has a(n) _________ fracture. | compound |
| A compound fracture also is called a(n) ____________ fracture. | open |
| A fracture is a | broken bone |
| Tissues die and become black, cold, and shriveled. This is | gangrene |
| Paralysis on one side of the body is | hemiplegia |
| Paraplegia is paralysis and loss of sensory function | in the legs |
| Quadriplegia is paralysis and loss of sensory function | in the arms, legs, trunk |
| Another term for quadriplegia is | tetraplegia |
| _____________is the most common joint disease | arthritis |
| Weight-bearing joints (hips, knees, and spine) are commonly affected in | osteoarthritis |
| Signs or symptoms of osteoarthritis? | joint swelling or tenderness |
| A resident has osteoarthritis. They will most likely have joint stiffness with | rest and lack of motion |
| A resident has osteoarthritis. The person is most likely to have joint pain | with weight bearing and joint pain |
| A resident has osteoarthritis. The person is overweight. Why is weight loss important for the person? | weight loss reduces stress on weight-bearing joints |
| ____________arthritis affects wrist and finger joints. | rheumatoid |
| A resident has rheumatoid arthritis. You should encourage exercise when fever is present. | False |
| A resident has rheumatoid arthritis. What can relieve pain and inflammation? | heat or cold applications |
| A resident has rheumatoid arthritis. The person has consented to joint replacement surgery. The affected joint will be replaced with a | prosthesis |
| In _____________bones become porous. | osteoporosis |
| What are risk factors for osteoporosis | being thin or having a small frame |
| Signs and symptoms of osteoporosis | back pain |
| The greatest risk(s) from osteoporosis | fractures |
| Assist resident with osteoporosis. with weight-bearing exercises as directed by PT. | True |
| A person with an arm fracture may have_____________of the body part. | deformity |
| A resident has a fractured wrist. The doctor has scheduled open reduction. This means that | The doctor will move the bones back into alignment during surgery |
| After reduction, the fractured part is | immobilized with a cast or traction |
| A resident has a plaster of paris cast. The cast dries in _____________hours. | 24-48 |
| You are assisting the nurse with cast care. Use your palms to | lift and turn a casted extremity |
| You are assisting the nurse with cast care. Support the entire cast with | pillows |
| A resident has a cast. What signs and symptoms indicate a problem? | odor and drainage from under the cast |
| A resident has a cast on her right arm. You note that her fingers are pale and that she cannot move them. What should you do? | tell the nurse at once |
| Traction is used to immobilize a fracture. This is done by | applying a steady pull in two directions |
| Skeletal traction is applied to the | bone |
| A resident is in traction. Make the bead from | the head of the bed to the foot of the bed |
| A resident is in traction. How should you position the person? | as directed |
| A resident fell in the shower and fractured his right hip. He is back at the nursing center after surgery to repair the hip. You know that he is at risk for which of the following post-operative complications? | pneumonia, UTI, and thrombi in his legs |
| A resident fell in the shower and fractured his right hip. He is back at the nursing center after surgery to repair the hip. You know that he is at risk for which of the following post-operative complications? | pressure ulcers, constipation ,and confusion |
| A hip fracture requires | internal fixation |
| A resident has a fractured right hip. How is the leg positioned? | abducted at all times |
| A resident has a fractured right hip. What position is not allowed? | fowler's position |
| A resident has a fractured right hip. You must use devices to prevent | external rotation of the hip |
| A resident has a fractured right hip. The doctor ordered elastic stockings. They are used to | prevent thrombi |
| A resident’s left leg was amputated. The person complains of pain in the left leg. This is | phantom limb pain |
| Stroke is a(n) | disease that affects the arteries that supply blood to the brain |
| Two common causes of stroke are | bleeding in the brain and blood clots |
| Warning signs of stroke | sudden numbness or weakness on one side of the body |
| Warning signs of stroke last a few minutes. This is called a(n) | Transient Ichemic Attack |
| Risk factors for stroke | hypertension and family history |
| Functions lost as a result of stroke depend on the | area of brain damage |
| A resident had a stroke. The person’s left side is affected. Assist with range-of-motion exercises. | True |
| Effects from a stroke resulting in hemiplegia paralysis often include | dysphagia and aphasia |
| A resident had a stroke. The person cries easily, sometimes for no reason. Changing emotions are common effects of stroke. | True |
| Care of a person after a stroke often includes | a bowel and bladder training program |
| Hemiplegia is a common effect of | stroke |
| A resident had a stroke. When does rehabilitation begin? | at once |
| Signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease become | worse over time |
| Slow movement and mask-like expression are common with | parkinson's |
| Pill-rolling movements are common with | Parkinson's |
| Persons with Parkinson’s disease often have what speech problems? | slurred, monotone speech |
| The person with Parkinson’s disease needs protection from | falls |
| Symptoms of multiple sclerosis usually begin | between ages 20 and 40 |
| The person with multiple sclerosis may have remissions early in the disease. | True |
| A resident has MS. Assist with deep-breathing and coughing exercises every 4 hours while awake. | True |
| ALS attacks the nerve cells that control | voluntary muscles |
| A resident has ALS. Range of motion exercises might be listed in the person’s care plan. | True |
| Paralysis and breathing difficulties may result from head injuries. | True |
| Paraplegia or quadriplegia can result from spinal cord injuries. | True |
| A resident is paralyzed from the waist down. Safety measures are used to prevent | falls |
| A resident is paralyzed from the waist down. The person is at risk for | pressure ulcers and contractures |
| Autonomic dysreflexia affects persons | with spinal cord injuries above the mid-thoracic level |
| If untreated, autonomic dysreflexia can lead to | stroke and heart attack |
| A common cause of autonomic dysreflexia is | fecal impaction |
Created by:
heatherhibbs
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