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Stack #2161255
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| define incomplete dominance | when 2 alleles don't mask each other |
| define sex-linked trait | usually carried on x chromosomes |
| define mutation | change in DNA |
| define chromosome mutations | changes in structure of the chromosome or is a loss of an entire chromosome |
| define deletion | a piece of chromosome breaks off |
| define inversion | a piece of chromosome breaks off and reattaches itself in opposite direction |
| define translocation | a piece of chromosome breaks off and reattaches itself to a non homologous chromosome |
| define nondisjunction | replicated chromosomes do not break apart so one cell has an extra chromosome and one cell has one less |
| what are the examples of nondisjunction | Downs syndrome, Turners syndrome, XYY, Kinefelters, Polygenetic traits |
| what is Downs Syndrome | a person has an extra 21st chromosome |
| what is Kinefelters | mentally challenged |
| what is Turners syndrome | immature physical development |
| what is XYY | linked men to violent crimes |
| what is polygenetic traits | controlled by more than 1 gene |
| what are the 4 roles of nondisjunction | how traits are inherited, explain characteristics, determine probability, use pedigrees and karyotypes |
| 3 characteristics of karyotype | pictures of chromosomes, identifying nondisjunction, can see extra or missing chromosome |
| define amniocentesis | insert a large needle into uterus and remove amniotic fluid |
| define fetoscopy | insert a camera or surgical tools |
| define ultrasound | bounce sound waves to produce an image |
| define pedigree | a record that traces how a trait is inherited |
| what is a gene transfer | insert genetic material into virus which takes it to body cells and attacks them |
| define genetic engineering | insert DNA from one organism to another |