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Genetics Review Andr
Genestics
| Question or Terms | Answers |
|---|---|
| Homozygous Dominant Genotype | AA |
| Homozygous Recessive Genotype | aa |
| Heterozygous Genotype | Aa |
| AA or aa | Purebred |
| Aa | Hybrid |
| Heredity | The passing of traits form one generation to another |
| DNA | Determines what traits are passed from one generation to the next |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid | DNA |
| Tightly coiled structures that contain genetic information | Chromosomes |
| DNA is located in the | Nucleus |
| Chromosomes are made of | Tightly coiled DNA |
| Genes are located in a strand of | DNA |
| Alleles | Different forms of the gene for a specific trait |
| We inherit how many pairs of chromosomes from our parents | 23 |
| Humans have a total of _____ chromosomes | 46 |
| Sigle celled organisms undergo mitosis which is a form of | Asexual reproduction |
| Asexual reproduction | Involves only one parent |
| Sexual reproduction | Involves two parents |
| Gametes are types of what kind of cell | Sex cells |
| Sperm and Egg | Examples of Gametes |
| Segment of DNA that determines a particular trait | Gene |
| The set of genes an organism carries | Genotype |
| 3 Kinds of Genotypes | Homozygous Recessive, Homozygous Dominant, Heterozygous |
| The physical traits of an organism | Phenotype |
| Example of a Phenotype | Brown eyes , brown hair, tall |
| The trait that is always expressed in the phenotype | Dominant Trait |
| Recessive trait | Trait that is only expressed if both alleles are recessive |
| What % is each block in a Punnett square worth | 25% |
| The cross that shows the inheritance of only one trait | Monohybrid Cross |
| What are Punnett Squares used for | To predict the ratio or percentage of offspring with different genes inherited, based on the genes of their parents |
| Inherited trait | Genetically determines characteristic that gets passed from parent to offspring |
| One allele is not dominant over the other, Both dominant, shared dominance, both present in the organism | Co-Dominance |
| Neither allele is completely dominant, blended | Incomplete Dominance |
| Physical characteristics can be affected by | Genetics and the Environment |
| Scientist Who discovered the principles of Genetics | Gregor Mendel |
| Gregor Mendel | Father of Genetics |
| Red Flower crossed with White Flower = Pink Flower | Incomplete Dominance |
| Change in the DNA of a gene | Mutation |
| Mutations can be caused by 2 factors | Genetics and Environmental Factors |
| A genotype of an organism is represented by | 2 Letters - AA Aa aa |
| The Phenotype of an organism is due to it's | Genotype |
| Genetics Diagram is called | Punnet Square |
| Different Versions of a gene for a single trait | Allele |
| Recessive alleles are represented with a | Lower case Letter |
| Dominant alleles are represented by a | Upper case letter |
| Organization of the human body, largest to smallest (put in order) - Cell chromosome Nucleus allele gene | cell, nucleus, chromosome, gene, allele |
| Version of the gene that is hidden by another | Recessive Trait |
| Instruction Manual for humans | DNA |
| Identical copy of an organism | Clone |
| Process done with dogs to get a specific trait | Selective breeding |
| Mutation that is Beneficial and Harmful | Sickle Cell Anemia |
| Genetic Engineering examples | Dog Breeding, Selective Breeding |
| Random Change in the genes of an organism | Genetic Mutation |
| Chromosomes are found in the | Nucleus |
| Offspring are identical to the parents | Asexual Reproduction |
| Offspring are different from the parents | Sexual Reproduction |
Created by:
Ms.Andreascience
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