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Earth's History

TermDefinition
Abiotic/Physical Factors Non-living factors such as erosion, wind and sun exposure.
Benthic Living at the bottom of the ocean or on the ocean floor.
Biological/Biotic Factors Living factors such as decomposers, scavengers and predators.
Body Fossil Body parts of an organisms that become fossils, such as bones, teeth, skin, leaves, tree trunks.
Cast Casts are formed when sediment leaks into a mold and hardens to form a copy of the original structure.
Compression Fossils formed when an organism is flattened (compressed), leaving a dark stain in the rock.
Coprolite Fossilized feces.
Decomposer An organism that breaks down the tissue and/or structures of dead organisms.
Erosion Weathering or wearing away of rock and earth (and any fossils they contain) caused by wind, sun, and/or water.
Fossil The natural remains or traces of past life. Something is considered to be a fossil if it is at least 10,000 years old.
Fossil Record ALL of the fossils that have existed throughout life's history, whether they have been found or not.
Groundwater Water found underground as a result of rainfall, ice and snow melt, submerged rivers, lakes, and springs.
Ichnology The study of trace fossils.
Igneous Rock Type of rock produced when molten magma (lava) cools and solidifies.
Inorganic Not containing carbon. Not from living things. Ex., mineral.
Impression Fossilized prints or marks made by a living thing. Leaf prints, skin prints, and footprints are good examples.
Intertidal The coastal zone between the low and high tide mark where waves impact land.
Metamorphic Rock Rock produced when any type of rock is changed by heat, pressure, and chemical activity in the Earth.
Mineralization The process whereby living material is replaced with minerals.
Mold The impression of an organism left behind a rock.
Paleontology The study of life in the past.
Paleontologists People who study fossils and other types of evidence to learn about life in the past.
Plate Tectonics Concept that explains the movement of the Earth's crustal plates, sea floor, spreading, and a number of other geological processes of the Earth's surface.
Rock Cycle The process through which one type of rock (igneous,sedimentary,or metamorphic) is converted into another.
Scavenger An organism that feeds on dead and dying organisms.
Sedimentary Rock Rock that is formed when layers of small particles (sediment) are compressed and cemented together.
Trace Fossil Evidence left by organisms, such as burrows, imprints, coprolites, or footprints.
Uplift The process that causes part of the Earth's crust to rise above surrounding areas. This can cause layers of rock to become exposed at the surface.
Relative Age Compared to the ages of other rocks.
Absolute Age Number of years since the rock formed.
Law of Superposition Relative ages of sedimentary rock layers.
Extrusion Lava that hardens on the surface.
Intrusion Magma cools and hardens into a mass of igneous rock.
Fault Break in Earth's crust.
Unconformity New rock layers meet an older rock surface beneath them.
Inclusion Piece of rock that is contained in another rock.
Index Fossils Widely distributed and represent a type of organism that existed only briefly.
Atoms Smallest particle of an element.
Element Substance that can't be broken down into simpler substances.
Radioactive Decay Breakdown of radioactive element, releasing particles and energy.
Half-Life Radioactive element is time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms to decay.
Created by: AaronAllen
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