Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Mammary Immunology 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| MALT | Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue |
| Lactoperoxidase/Thiocyanate/H2O2 | Membrane damage and loss of pH gradient - bacteriostatic and bactericidal |
| Classical Pathway | C1 binds to antigen antibody complex |
| Alternative Pathway | Lipid-carbohydrate complex on bacterial cell wall - Factors BDP |
| Lectin Pathway | Carbohydrate containing mannose on bacterial cell wall binds lectin (carbohydrate binding protein produced by the liver) |
| Complement | C1 - C2a+C4b or factors BDP - C3 - C3b - C5 - C5b+C6+C7+C8+C9 = MAC |
| Lymphoid | B cell, T cell, and NK cell |
| Myeloid | Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil, DC, Mast cell, Macrophage |
| Erythoid | Platelets and RBCs |
| Anamnestic Response | Heightened, stronger and faster immune response during second encounter |
| Cognitive Phase | Binding of foreign antigens to specific receptors on mature cells |
| Activation Phase | Sequence of events induced in cells as a consequence of specific antigen recognition - clonal expansion |
| Effector Phase | Stage at which cells have been specifically activated by antigens to perform the functions that lead to elimination of the antigen - cytokine/antibody production |
| IgG1 | Selective transport, early defense, macrophages, opsonization |
| IgG2 | Transduction, inflammatory response, macrophages and neutrophils, opsonization |
| IgA | Milk fat, anti-adhesive, dimer, agglutination and toxin neutralization, mucosal tissue, prevent entrance into body = first defense |
| IgM | Pentamer, first Ig produced, complement, opsonize, agglutinate, neutralize toxin, only opsonic for PMN with complement |
| MHCI | All nucleated cells, ENDOGENOUS, CD8 and T suppressor |
| MHCII | Only APCs, EXOGENOUS, CD4, B cells, and APCs |
| Non-specific enhancement, inflammatory regulators | TNF, IL-1, IL-6, IFNs, IL-8, CSF |
| Specific enhancement, amplify non-specific responses | IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IFN-y |
| G-CSF | Increase milk SCC, increase milk neutrophils, enhanced PMN chemotactic and bactericidal activity |
| GM-CSF | Enhanced PMN chemotactic and bactericidal activity, enhanced antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity |
| Cluster of Differentiation | Membrane molecultes recognized by particular monoclonals, used to differentiate different lineages or maturation stages |
| CD4 | MHCII, cytokine production |
| CD8 | MHCI, cytotoxicity and suppressor |
| TH1 | Cellular immunity, intracellular pathogens, secrete IFNy and IL-2, induces CD8 cells - IL-12 induced |
| TH2 | Humoral immunity, extracellular pathogens, secrete IL-4, IL-13, and IL-10, induce B cell antibody production - IL-4 induced |
| TH17 | Extracellular pathogens, secretes IL-17, induce macrophages and neutrophils - IL-6 TGFb induced |
| Tc | Cytotoxic T cells, intracellular pathogens, secretes TNF and IFN, lyse infected cells |
| Treg | Regulate immune homeostasis, secrete IL-10 and TGFb, produce large numbers of cytokines |
| yD T cells | Activated by pathogen proteins, produce cytokines, MALT, calf immunity |
| Costimulatory Molecules | APC = B7, CD80, CD86 T cell = CD28 |
| NSAIDS | Suppress cyclooxygenase (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) |
| Steroids | Immunosuppressive, blocks arachidonic acid cascade |
| Leukotrienes | Chemotaxis, permeability, bronchial vasoconstriction |
| Prostoglandins/prostocyclins | Vasodilation, inhibits platelet aggregation |
| Thromboxane | Vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation |
| Selenium | Deficiencies = decreased neutrophil function, supplementation = decreased severity and duration of mastitis |
| Vitamin E | Decreases incidence of clinical mastitis |
| Beta-carotene/Vitamin A | Deficiencies = increase in severity, increased response to stress |
| Copper | Deficiencies = decreased ability of immune cells to kill bacteria |
| Zinc | Healthy teat skin, deficiencies = increased rate of bacterial infections |
| Passive Immunity | Transfer of antibodies from humans or animals |
| Adoptive Immunity | Transplantation of immunocompetent cells |
| Active Immunization | Stimulation of host immune system, vaccine |
| Inactivated | Killed with heat or chemicals, requires booster Rabies, flu |
| Live, attenuated | Disabled virulent properties, preferred for health adults Chicken pox, measles and mumps |
| Toxoid | Inactivated toxic compounds from microorganisms Foot and Mouth, tetanus |
| Subunit (DNA vaccine) | Fragment of organism Hep B and HPV |
| Heterologuous | Microorganism shares cross reacting antigens with disease causing microorganism - J5 and BCG |
| Vascular Changes | TNF, IL-1, IL-8, IL-6 |
| Leukocyte Infiltration | IFNs, TNF, IL-8 |
| Metabolic Changes | IL-6, TNF, IL-1, IFN |
| Antigen Recognition | IFNy, TNF, IL-1 |
| Clonal Expansion | IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 |
Created by:
1138967652782105
Popular Science sets