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Comp1 Grammar
Flash cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Always capitalized names a specific person, place, thing, or idea.(Rembrandt, Stratford, The Night Watch, New Deal Christianity) | Proper Nouns |
| A general name for a person, a place, a thing, or an idea, not capitalized.(optimist, cafeteria, computer, freedom) | Common Nouns |
| Names group or a unit. (family, audience,crowd, committee, team, class) | Collective Nouns |
| Names a thing that is tangible (can be seen, touched, heard, smelled, or tasted). child. the black keys. gym. village. microwave. pizza | Concrete Nouns |
| Names an idea, a condition, or a feeling in other words, something that cannot be seen touched, heard, smelled, or tasted. beauty. Jungian psychology. anxiety agoraphobia. trust | Abstract Nouns |
| Refers to one person, place, thing or idea. (apple. laboratory.lecture.note.grade.result) | Singular Noun |
| Refers to more than one person, place, thing, or idea.(apples.laboratories.lectures.notes.grade.results). | Plural Noun |
| Indicates whether a noun is masculine, feminine, neuter, or indefinite.(father.king.mother.queen.notebook.monitior.professor.cutomer | Gender Nouns |
| Tells what role the noun plays in a sentence. (nominative. possessive. objective) | Case Nouns |
| A noun that is used as subject. The subject of a sentence tells who or what the sentence is about. (Dean Henning manages the College of Arts and Communication) | Nominative case |
| Shows possessive or ownership. In this form. it acts as an adjective. Our( president's) willing to discuss concerns | Possessive case |
| Serves as an object of the preposition, a direction object, an indirect object, or an object complement. To survive, institution of higher (learning) sometimes cut (budgets) in spite of (protests) from (students) and (instructors) | Objective case |
| Refers to a specific person or thing (she) (convertible) | Personal Pronouns ex; I, me, my, mine |
| Formed by adding-self or selves to a personal pronoun. Can act as a direct objective or an indirect objective of a verb, (himself) | Reflexive Pronouns ex; myself, yourself, itself |
| Intensifies or emphasizes, the noun or pronoun if refers to.(Leo himself taught his children to invest their lives in others). | Intensive Pronouns |
| Relates an adjective dependent (relative) clause to the noun or pronoun it modifies. freshman (who) believe they have a lot to learn are absolutely right. | Relative Pronouns ex; who, whose, whom, which |
| Refer to unnamed or unknown people, places, or things. (Everyone. Nothing) | Indefinite Pronouns ex; all, another, any, anybody |
| Ask questions( when it modifies a noun, it functions as an adjective) ( so which will it be highlighting) | Interrogative Pronouns ex; who, whose, whom, which |
| Points out people, places, or things We advise (this). (Those) are useful tools. (That) is the solution. | Demonstrative Pronouns ex;this, that, these, those |
| Action Verbs | Transitive and Intransitive |
| Have direct objects that receive the action | Transitive verbs ex; The health-care industry( employs) more then 7 mill (workers) in the US. |
| Communicate action that is complete in itself. They do not need and object to receive the action | Intransitive verbs ex; My new college roommate (smiles) & (laughs) a lot. |
| Help to form some of the tenses, the mood, and the voice of the main verb. | Auxiliary (Helping) Verbs ex; is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been, can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must |
| Indicates whether the subject is acting or being acted upon. | Voice of a Verb |
| Indicates that the subject of the verb is performing the action. | Active voice ex; People (update) their resumes on a regular basis. |
| Indicates that the subject of the verb is being acted upon or is receiving the action. | Passive voice ex; Your resume (should be updated) on a regular basis. |
| Forms of Verbs | Person, Voice, Mood of Verbs |
| Indicates the tone or attitude with which a statement is made | Mood of a Verb |
| Mood of Verbs | Indicative, Imperative, subjunctive |
| Common Linking Verbs | am, are, be, become, been, being, is, was, were |
| This mood, the most common, is used to stat a fate or to ask a question. | Indicative mood ex; (Can) any theme (capture) the essence of the complex 1960's |
| This mood is used to give a command. | Imperative mood ex; (Ask) not what your country can do for you (ask) what you can do for your country. |
| This mood is used to express a wish, an impossibility or unlikely condition, or a necessity. Often used with if or that | Subjunctive mood ex; If I (were) rich, I would travel for the rest of my life. |
| A word that is made from a verb, but if function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. | Verbals three types Gerund, Infinitive, Participle |
| Ends in ing and is used a noun | Gerund ex; (Walking) (subject) each morning is first challenge. |
| Is to and the base form of the verb. May be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. | Infinitive ex;( To succeed) is not easy.(noun) |
| Ends in ing, and functions as an adjective. | Present Participle ex; The (studying) students were annoyed by the( partying) ones. |
| Ends in ed ( or another past tense form) and also functions as an adjective | Past Participle ex; The students (playing) loud music were (annoying). |
| Are created from proper nouns and are capitalized | Proper Adjectives ex;( English) has been influenced by advertising slogans.(pronoun) |
| Follows a form of the be verb (or other linking verb) and describes the subject. | Predicate Adjectives ex; At its best advertising is (useful); at its worst, (deceptive).(useful and deceptive modify the noun advertising). |
| Forms of Adjectives | Positive, comparative, superlative |
| The adjective in its regular form. I describes a noun or a pronoun without comparing it to anyone or anything else. | Positive Form ex; Joysport walking shoes are (strong) and (comfort) |
| (er, more, or less) compares two things.(more and less are used generally with adjective or two or more syllables) | Comparative Form ex; Air soles make Mike Eaters (stronger) and (more comfortable) than Joysports. |
| (est, most, or least) compares three or more things.(most or least are used most often with adjective of two or more syllables) | Superlative form ex; My old Canvas Wonders are the (strongest), (most comfortable) shoes of all! |
| Forms of Adverbs (three forms) | Positive, Comparative, Superlative |
| The adverb in its regular form. It describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb without comparing it to anyone or anything else. | Positive Form ex; fast, effectively |
| (er, more, or less) compares two things. (more or less are used generally with adverbs of two or more syllables) | Comparative Form ex; faster, more effectively |
| (est, most, or least) compares three or more things. (most, or least) are used most often with adverb of two or more syllables) | Superlative Form ex; fastest, most effectively |
| Irregular Adverbs | 1. (Positive) well, badly, 2. (Comparative) better, worse, 3. (Superlative) best, worst |
| A word ( or group of words) that shows the relationship between its objects (a noun or pronoun following the preposition) and another word in the sentence. | Preposition ex; aboard, about, above, concerning, considering |
| Includes the preposition, the object of the preposition, and the modifiers of the object. It may function as an adverb or an adjective. | Prepositional Phrases |
| Connects individual words or groups of words. | Conjunction ex;( When) we came back to Paris, it was clear (and) cold (and) lovely. |
| Usually connect a word to a word, a phrase to a phrase, or a clause to a clause. | Coordinating Conjunctions ex; and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet |
| Are type of coordinating conjunction used in pairs. | Correlative Conjunctions ex; either, or, neither, nor, not only, but, but also, both, and, whether, or |
| Connect two clauses that are not equally important. Connects a dependent clause to an independent clause. | Subordinating Conjunctions ex; after, although, as, as if, as long as, because, before, even though, if, in order that |
| A word or phrase that communicates strong emotion or surprise(oh, ouch, hey, help, and so on). Punctuation (often a comma or an exclamation point) is need to set off | Interjection ex; Hey! Wait!, Well, so much for catching the bus. |