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Unit 5 chapter 3
Science flashcard terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Marrow | a porous inner core of bones where blood cells are produced |
| Axial Skeleton | the bones that keep the body upright |
| Cranium | the skull |
| Vertebra | the bones of the backbone |
| Appendicular Skeleton | the bones of the appendages and the bones where these attach to the axial skeleton |
| Sternum | the breastbone and the pelvis |
| Pelvis | the ring of bones n the lower torso where the hips attach to the body (consists of 2 hip bones/ each is a coxa) |
| Joints | the places where two or more bones connect |
| Ligaments | the connective tissue that holds joints together |
| Tendons | connective tissue that attach muscles to bones |
| Atrophy | the decrease in size of wasting away of the body tissue |
| Striated | marked by stripes or bands |
| Axon | a long extension of a neuron that transmits messages |
| Brain Stem | the portion of the brain that controls reflexes and involuntary mechanisms such as respiration, heart beat, and swallowing |
| Central Nervous System | the brain and spinal cord |
| Cerebrum | the part of the brain that controls all thought and other voluntary acts and detects sounds, smells, sight, taste, pain, heat, and cold |
| Cerebellum | the part of the rain that keeps track of the position of the body |
| Dendrites | short, branched extensions of a neuron that receive messages from other cells |
| Myelin Sheath | a protective layer of neuroglia covering some axons |
| Neurons | cells that send messages throughout the body in the form of electrical energy |
| Stimulus | anything that effects the activity of an organism |
| Peripheral Nervous System | the nerves and sensory receptors |
| Synapse | a gap between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron |
| Adrenal Glands | glands that produce hormones called adrenaline |
| Glands | organs that secrete hormones and other chemicals |
| Hormones | chemicals that carry information from one part of an organism to another |
| Hormone Receptor Molecules | molecules that fit with hormone molecule and affect cell function |
| Ovaries | glands in the female body that produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone: eggs also develop in the ovaries |
| Pancreas | a gland that produces insulin which regulates the transport of sugar molecules into body cells |
| Parathyroid Glands | glands that produce a hormone to regulate calcium levels in the blood |
| Pineal Body | a gland that produces a hormone that seems to inhibit the development of the reproductive system and plays a role in daily rythems |
| Pituitary Gland | a gland located in the center of the brain that secretes nine hormones |
| Target Tissue | the tissues that respond to specific hormones |
| Testes | glands in the male body that produce testosterone; sperm cells are also produced in the testes |
| Thymus Gland | a gland that produces a hormone important in the development of the immune system |
| Thyroid Gland | a gland that produces a hormone to regulate body metabolism rates |
| Cone Cells | light-sensitive cells used for color vision and fine detail |
| Cornea | a transparent layer of cells through which light can travel into the eye |
| Iris | the colored part of the eye |
| Optic nerve | the nerve that carries electrical impulses from the eye to the brain |
| Papillae | tiny projections on the tongue's surface, which contain taste buds |
| Pupil | the opening in the center of the eye through which light enters |
| Retina | the back lining of the eye, on which visual images are focused |
| Rod Cells | light-sensitive cells used in noncolor vision and low-light situations |
| Tympanic Membrane | the eardrum |
Created by:
1becky1
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