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Unit 1 Ap biology

The chemistry of Life

QuestionAnswerQuestionAnswerQuestionAnswerQuestionAnswer
Organism are composed of what? Matter The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is the? atomic number Chemical energy is a form of what kind of energy? Potential Energy In a group of water molecules, hydrogen bonds form between? Oxygen atom in one molecule and a hydrogen atom in another molecule
Anything that takes up space and mass is? Matter A measure of mass for atoms and subatomic particles is? dalton In your body, what process converts the chemical energy found in glucose into the chemical energy found in ATP? Cellular respiration The presence of what atom makes the large diversity of shapes of biological molecules possible? Carbon
What is a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions? Element The sum of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is the? Mass number What are the by-products of cellular respiration? heat, carbon dioxide, and water C3H8 is an example of a what? Hydrocarbon
What three kinds of particles are stable enough to be of relevance? neutrons,protons,and electrons The total mass of an atom is the? atomic weight What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction? Substrate What is the first organic molecule to be synthesized from inorganic substances? Urea
An______is the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element. atom Different atomic forms are reffered to as_____ isotopes What bond is it when water molecules have a polarity that allows them to bond to each other with loose bonds? Hydrogen Bonds How many different geometric isomers exist for a molecule that has one carbon-carbon double bond and four monovalent atoms or groups? 2
An element indispensable for life but required in extremely minute amounts is a? Trace element an isotope that is unstable;the nucleus declays spontaneously,giving off detectable particles and energy. radioactive isotope What is the process called when there is a loss of a proton (H+) from a water molecule? Dissociation What functional group most closely resembles sulfhydryl? Hydroxyl
an elctrical neutral particle(a particle having no electrical charge),found in the nucleus of an atom neutron ______ energy is the energy that matter stores because of its position or location. potential What term refers to the tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself? Electronegativity What groups would NOT be capable of hydrogen bonding with an oxygen atom on another functional group Methyl
what is a substance consiting of two or more elements combined in a fixed ratio? Compound different states of potential energy that electrons have in an atom are? energy levels or electron shells (True or False) Water is a polar molecule. True What is a functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond? hydroxyl group
An atom's central core is call the? Atomic Nucleus the electrons in the outtermost electron shell valence electron What is a molecule that has all non-polar covalent bonds? Hydrophobic What is a functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom? Carbonyl group
Ability to do work is? energy the outtermost energy shell of an atom valence shell (True or False) Hydrophobic molecules are not repelled water. False What is the term for a giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules, usually by a condensation reaction? macromolecule
the three-dimensional space where an electron is found orbital an attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons or presence of opposite charges on the atomts chemical bond What do cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion have in common with reference to water? All are properties related to hydrogen bonding. What are the four main categories of macromolecules in a cell? proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids
The two strongest kinds of chemical bonds are? Covalent and ionic What is an example of a catabolic pathway? Cellular respiration Why does Sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolve in water? Water molecules are polar What is the main sugar used by cells for energy glucose
What are the building blocks of nucleic acid molecules called Nucleotides What characteristic do all lipids have in common none of them dissolves in water What is the process by which cells link monomers together to form polymers dehydration synthesis What is one characteristic shared by sucrose, lactose, and maltose they are all disaccharides
What are Carbohydrates mainly used for in our bodies energy storage and release What is one characteristic shared by sucrose, lactose, and maltose they are all disaccharides What links monomers in cellulose glycosidic linkages Which is the correct term for compounds that do not mix with water hydrophobic
What are the lipids that form the main structural component of cell membranes phospholipids What is a fatty acid called that contains at least two double bonds polyunsaturated The peptide bond is a covalent bond True
What molecule is most directly involved in energy transfer within cells? ATP What reaction occurs spontaneously? Exergonic What is material is the most widely effective solvent? Polar Material What makes up the plant cell walls cellulose
Created by: kendrag
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