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Chapter 7: AOT

Adaptations Over Time Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Adaptation any variation that makes an organism better suited to its environment
Evolution change in inherited characteristics over time
Gradualism model describing evolution as a slow process by which one species changes into a new species through a continuing series of mutations and variations over time
Natural selection a process by which organisms with traits best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce; includes concepts of variation, overproduction, and competition
Punctuated Equilibrium model describing the rapid evolution that occurs when mutation of a few genes results in a species suddenly changing into a new species
Species group of organisms that share similar characteristics and can reproduce among themselves producing fertile offspring
Variation inherited trait that makes an individual different from other members of the same species and results from a mutation in the organism's genes
Embryology study of embryos and their development
Homologous body parts that are similar in structure and origin and can be similar in function
Radioactive element element that gives off a steady amount of radiation as it slowly changes to a nonradioactive element
Sedimentary rock a type of rock, such as limestone, that is most likely to contain fossils and is formed when layers of sand, silt, clay, or mud are cemented and compacted together or when minerals are deposited from a solution
Vestigial structure structure, such as the human appendix, that doesn't seem to have a function and may once have functioned in the body of an ancestor
Hominid humanlike primate that appeared about 4 million to 6 million years ago, ate both plants and meat, and walked upright on two legs
Homo sapiens early humans that likely evolved from Cro-Magnons
Primate group of mammals including humans, monkeys, apes that share characteristics such as opposable thumbs, binocular vision, and flexible shoulders
Created by: Mrs. Rugari
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