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Rocks and Minerals

TermDefinition
Mineral A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition.
Crystal Structure A definite pattern in the way that particles in a substance are arranged.
Moh's Hardness Scale German scientist, Friedrich Mohs developed this scale to help people study the hardness of rocks.
Luster How a mineral reflects light from it's surface.
Hardness A way to describe how hard it is to scratch a mineral.
Cleavage The tendency of a mineral to break along a flat surface where layers of atoms are attached weakly to each other.
Fracture The tendency of a mineral to break in a way that is not along a flat surface.
Streak The color of a mineral in it's powdered form.
Crystalization The process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure.
Solution A mixture in which one substance is dissolved into another.
Vein A narrow channel or slab of a mineral that i different from the surrounding rock.
Geode A rounded hollowed rock that is often lined with mineral crystals that are often perfectly formed.
Element A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.
Compound A substance made of two or more elements that have been chemically combined.
Inorganic A characteristic of a mineral, that means a mineral cannot form from materials that were once apart of a living thing.
Fluoresence Minerals that glow under ultraviolet light.
Sediment Small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things.
Compaction The process that presses sediments together.
Erosion This occurs when running water, wind, or ice loosen and carry away fragment of rock.
Cementation The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together.
Depositon The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it.
Clastic Rock A sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together.
Chemical Rock This type of rock forms when minerals that are dissolved in a solution crystallize.
Organic Rock This type of rock forms when the remains of plants and animals are deposited in thick layers.
Foliated Metamorphic rock with grains arranged in parallel layers or bands.
Non-Foliated The opposite of foliated
Created by: 1970693329
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