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Earth Science
E.S. Chapter 10 Sections 1-4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1400°C; 1600°C | At a depth of 100 kilometers, the temperature of the mantle ranges between ______ and ______ |
| friction | ________ generates heat as huge slabs of lithosphere slide past each other in subduction zones |
| decompression melting | _____________ _______ is melting due to a drop in confining pressure that occurs as rock rises |
| 100°C | The melting point of basalt can be lowered by up to _____by adding only 0.1% water |
| divergent | The Great Rift Valley of Africa is an area where continental crust is being pulled apart along a _________ boundary |
| Ring of Fire | The ____ __ ____ is the long belt of volcanoes that circles around most of the Pacific Ocean |
| hot spot | A ___ ____ is a concentration of heat in the Pacific plate |
| May 18, 1980 | When did Mount Saint Helen erupt? |
| viscosity | _________ is a substances resistance to flow |
| more; greater | In general the ____ silica in magma, the _______ its viscosity |
| very | rhyolitic lavas are ____ viscous |
| less | basaltic lavas are ____ viscous |
| vent | A ____is an opening in the surface of Earth through which molten rock and gases are released |
| pyroclastic material | __________ ________ is the volcanic rock ejected during an eruption, including ash, bombs, and blocks |
| lapilli | Particles that range in size from small beads to walnuts (2-64 millimeters) are called _______ |
| blocks | Particles larger than 64 millimeters in diameters are called _______ |
| crater | Located at the summit of many volcanoes is a steep walked depression called a ______ |
| volcano | A _______ is a mountain formed of lava and/ or pyroclastic material |
| shield volcanoes | ______ _________ are produces by the accumulation of fluid basaltic lavas |
| cinder cone | Ejected lava fragments that harden in the air our build a _______ _____ |
| composite cone | A _________ _____ is a large, nearly symmetrical volcanic mountain composed of layers of both lava and pyroclastic deposists |
| caldera | A _______ is a depression in a volcanic mountain |
| neck | A volcanic ____ is a landform made of magma that hardened volcanoes pipe and later was exposed by erosion |
| pyroclastic flow | ___________ ____, a scorching mixture of glowing volcanic particles and gases that sweeps rapidly down a volcano's flanks |
| plutons | The structures result from the cooling and hardening of magma beneath Earth's surface are called _______ |
| sill | A ____ is a pluton that forms where magma flows between parallel layers of sedimentary rocks |
| batholith | A _________ is a body of intrusive igneous rock that has a surface exposure of more than 100 sq. kilometers |
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VickieJ10
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