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chapter 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name 3 examples of minerals that are made up of pure elements. | Gold, silver, and copper. |
| Luster | The term used to describe how light is reflected from a mineral's surface. |
| Clevage | A mineral that splits easily among flat surfaces. |
| Streak | Is the color of a minerals powder. |
| Hardness | Used to rank the hardness of minerals. |
| Color | The look of the mineral by reflections |
| What are the hardest and softest minerals. | Talc, Gypsum, Calcite, Fluorite, Apatite, Feldspar, Quartz, Topaz, Corundum, and Diamond. |
| How is halite formed? | Evaporation |
| Extrusive | Igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface. |
| Intrusive | Igneous rock that formed when magma hardened beneath the surface of Earth. |
| Fine grained | Having a non noticeably grainy appearance. |
| Coarse grained | Having a noticeably grainy appearance. |
| Banded | A pattern of flat layers or can form swirls or colored bands. |
| Deposition | The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it. |
| Igneous | Forms from the cooling of magma or lava. |
| Sedimentary | Forms when small particles of rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together. |
| Metamorphic | Forms when a rock is changed by heat or pressure, or by chemical reactions. |
| There are large crystals in what rocks. | Igneous, pegmatite, porphyry, rhyolite, and granite. |
| What are igneous rocks commonly used for? | Building materials. |
| compaction | The process that presses sediments together. |
| Cementation | The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together. |
| Erosion | The process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken up rock. |
| What are sedimentary rocks made up of? | Rock fragments with rounded edges. |
| Sedimentary rock is used to make what? | Cement. |
| What is the texture of slate? | Fine grain. |
| How does the hardness scale work? | It ranks the minerals by a scratch test. |
| What makes up granite? | Quartz, feldspar, mica, and other minerals. |
| How does the rock cycle work? | Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rock can change into each other. |
| How does an igneous rock change into a metamorphic rock. | When magma cools from the igneous rock, it makes crystals. When the crystals cool they form into metamorphic rock. |
| Describe 2 types of chemical composition that characterize minerals. | A crystal of quartz has one atom of silicon for every two atoms of oxygen. A garnet group of minerals has three atoms of silicon for every twelve atoms of oxygen. |
| What does a mineral streak tell you about the mineral and be able to explain how you test for it. | A mineral streak tells you the color of its powder. You take a porcelain plate and scratch the mineral from the top of the plate to the bottom of the plate with the mineral. There will be a streak of color on the plate. |
| What are advantages and disadvantages of using color alone to identify a mineral. | An advantage is that it narrows down some of the choices. A disadvantage is that it doesn't narrow down most of your choices, and is a big chance that you won't pick the right mineral. |
Created by:
kwinkler
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