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Nutrition
| Nutrients | Substances the body receives from food to use for energy, growth and repair. |
| Carbohydrate | Made from the elements Carbon,Hydrogen and Oxygen and include foods which contain starch, sugar and cellulose |
| Carbohydrate | This nutrient supplies the body with heat and energy which is produced by starches and sugars. |
| Sugar | Found in Fruits and Vegetables and is sweet |
| Fructose | Sugar found in Fruit |
| Glucose | Also another sugar found in fruit |
| Lactose | Sugar found in milk |
| Sucrose | Ordinary sugar...obtained from sugar cane |
| Starch | This is found in (i)root vegetables (e.g. potato, yam); Iii)Cereals (e.g. Rice, corn) iii) Tubers (e.g. Dasheen) and a few fruits (e.g. Green Banana and breadfruit) |
| Cellulose | Forms the cell walls of plants and is very tough |
| Roughage | Made from cellulose and is also called fibre |
| Fibre | Provides bulk in the intestines and helps to stimulate bowel movement and prevents constipation. |
| Sources of Fibre | Fruits, Green Leafy Vegetables, nuts, peas, beans and whole grain cereals |
| Fats | Found in Animal and vegetable foods |
| Solid Fat | Most Animal Fats |
| Liquid Fat | Vegetable fats |
| Sources of fat | Butter, margarine, cheese, fatty meats, ackee and avocado (pear) |
| Proteins | Essential for growth, body maintenance and for repairing worn out or damaged tissues. |
| Kwashiorkor | Lack of protein in the diet of growing children can result in this disease. |
| Elements of Protein | Carbon, hydrogen,oxygen and nitrogen |
| Vitamins | Substances found in food which are needed in SMALL quantities/amounts for proper nutrition |
| Vitamins | Help the body to fight diseases |
| Solution | Vitamins must dissolve in this to do their job. Some dissolve in water; some dissolve in fat |
| Vitamins A,D,K | Fat soluble vitamins |
| Vitamins B,C | Water soluble vitamins |
| Vitamin A | Results in Eye disorders and reduced night vision |
| Vitamin B1 | Causes disease called Beri Beri |
| Vitamin B6 | Causes difficulty in walking |
| Vitamin C | Causes Scurvy |
| Vitamin D | Vitamin received from sunlight |
| Vitamin D | Causes disease called Ricketts |
| Vitamin K | Lack of this vitamin causes excessive bleeding if injured. |
| Minerals | CHEMICAL substances required for body building and like vitamins, needed in SMALL amounts/quantities |
| Important Minerals | Calcium, phosphorous, iron, potassium, sodium, iodine, chlorine and fluorine |
| Plant Roots | This is the way minerals are taken up. When we eat plants we eat the minerals they take up from the soil. |
| Mineral Salts | Most minerals required by the body |
| Calcium and Phosphorous | Minerals needed for building bones and teeth |
| Iron | Makes Haemoglobin |
| Kidney | meat source of iron |
| Iodine | Mineral needed for the formation of certain hormones which helps to control growth. |
| Goitre | caused by a lack of iodine in the diet |
| Seafoods | source of iodine |
| Dairy | Source of calcium and iodine |
| Fluorine | Helps to prevent tooth decay |
| Water | Excreted as sweat from the skin, and urine through the kidneys and bladder |
| Balanced Diet | Correct amount of EACH nutrient needed daily by the body to remain healthy. |
| Malnutrition | Dietary condition resulting from the absence of some foods or nutrients necessary for proper health. |
| Food Groups | Staples, Legumes and Nuts, Vegetables, Food from Animals, Fruits, Fats and Oils. |
| Calories | Measurement of the energy obtained from food. |
| Menu | List of foods to be served at a meal |
| Food Tests | Tests carried out to determine the types of nutrients found in certain foods. |
| Starch Test | When drops of Iodine solution is mixed with a food containing starch e.g bread, yam, irish potato |
| Bluish-Black Colour | Colour after the starch test |
| Sugar Test | Add Benedicts solution to some glucose which was dissolved in water |
| Brick-Red Colour | Solid particles in this colour are observed when this mixture is heated. |
| Fat Test | Produces a greasy TRANSLUCENT spot |
Created by:
LeahCassie
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