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Upper GI Keywords
Chapter 53,54, 55 Iggy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| stomatitis | inflammation of oral mucosa, "canker sores" |
| aphthous stomatitis | non-infectious inflammation of oral mucosa |
| candidiasis | painful fungal infection, "moniliasis" |
| dysphagia | difficulty swallowing |
| leukoplakia | thickened, white, firmly attached patches that cannot be scraped off |
| erythroplakia | red, velvety mucosal lesions on the surface of oral mucosa, precancerous |
| periodontal disease | degenerative gum disease resulting in tooth and mandibular bone loss |
| cryotherapy | extreme cold application |
| glossectomy | tongue removal |
| mandibulectomy | jaw removal |
| commando procedure | combined neck dissection, mandibulectomy and oropharyngeal resection |
| acute sialadentis | inflammation of salivary gland |
| sialagogues | substances that stimulate the flow of saliva |
| xerostomia | very dry mouth caused by a severe reduction in the flow of saliva |
| parotidectomy | surgical removal of the parotid glands |
| gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD | chronic, persistent backward flow of stomach contents into the esophagus |
| gastroesophageal reflux GER | backward flow of stomach contents into the esophagus |
| lower esophageal sphincter LES | small portion at the gastroesophageal junction near the cardiac sphincter |
| erosion | ulceration |
| Barrett's epithelium | columnar epithelium, more resistant to acid, premalignant, results from exposure to acid and pepsin, response to tissue injury |
| esophageal stricture | narrowing of the esophageal opening |
| dyspepsia | indigestion |
| regurgitation | backward flow into the throat of food particles or fluid |
| water brash | sensation of fluid in the throat without bitter or sour taste |
| eructation | belching |
| flatulence | gas |
| odynophagia | painful swallowing |
| upper endoscopy esophagogastroduodenoscopy EGD | insertion of an endoscope down the throat to see esophagus and look for abnormalities |
| pH monitoring examination | most accurate method of dx GERD |
| hiatal hernia | "diaphragmatic hernias" protrusion of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm of the chest. |
| metastasize | spread throughout the body |
| stricture | narrowing |
| halitosis | foul breath |
| esophagectomy | removal of part or all of the esophagus |
| esophagogastrostomy | removal of part of the esophagus and proximal stomach |
| minimally invasive esophagectomy MIE | laparoscopic-assisted procedure for pt with early-stage cancer |
| pyloromyotomy | cutting and suturing the pylorus |
| colon interposition | section of right or left colon is removed and brought up into the thorax to substitute for the esophagus |
| diverticula | sacs resulting from the herniation of esophageal mucosa and submucosa into surrounding tissue |
| autodigestion | protective mucosal barrier that prevents the stomach from digesting itself |
| acute gastritis | inflammation of the gastric mucosa or submucosa after exposure to local irritants |
| chronic gastritis | spread out inflammation of the mucosal lining of the stomach |
| pernicious anemia | results when vitamin b12 is depleted |
| type a chronic gastritis | associated with the presence of antibodies to parietal cells and intrinsic factor |
| atrophic gastritis | chronic gastritis seen in older adults, often occurs after exposure to toxic substances in the workplace, h. pylori infection or autoimmune factors |
| hematemesis | vomiting blood |
| melena | dark, sticky feces |
| dyspepsia | heartburn, indigestion |
| H2-receptor antagonists | used to block gastric secretion, a mucosal barrier fortifier |
| proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) | antisecretory agents to suppress gastric acid secretions |
| peptic ulcer | mucosal lesion of the stomach or duodenum |
| peptic ulcer disease PUD | mucosal defenses become impaired and no longer protect the epithelium from the effects of acid and pepsin |
| stress ulcers | multiple shallow erosions of the stomach and occasionally the proximal duodenum |
| Curling's ulcer | ulcer in pt with extensive burnes |
| Cushing's ulcer | ulcer in pt with increased intracranial pressure |
| gastric lavage | instillation of room-temp solution in volumes of 200-300 mL |
| achlorhydria | absences of secretion of hydrochloric acid |
| dumping syndrome | a group of vasomotor symptoms that occur after eating |
| alkaline reflux gastropathy | bile reflux gastropathy, complication of gastric surgery in which the pylorus is bypassed and removed |
Created by:
morgancoady
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