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COD SOC 4: Ch 1 & 2
Sociology and Critical thinking
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is structural functionalism? | The theory that society is structured in ways that maintain social stability. |
| What did Durkheim believe about structural functionalism? | He believed that solidarity (our dependance on one another) is what keeps society working. |
| What model did Durkheim believe structural functionalism could be based off of? | The human body. |
| What did Merton believe about structural functionalism? | He believed that any social structure probably has many functions, some are more obvious (manifest and latent). |
| What are manifest and latent functions? | Recognized and intended v. unrecognized and unintended. |
| How does one evaluate beliefs? | Authorities (family), Reference (people or sources), Factual Evidence (empirical evidence) and Personal Experiences. |
| What is the social conflict approach? | The idea that conflict between competing interests is the basic animating force of social change and society in general. |
| What did Karl Marx believe about the social conflict approach? | He believed in materialism and capitalism. |
| What is materialism? | The belief that the economy is the most important aspect. |
| What was Marx's argument about the way that our society is structures? | He argued that our society is like a house and the economy is the base. |
| Marx believed there were two battling classes, what were they? | The Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat. |
| Who are the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariats? | Owners of the means of production vs. the people who work (they sell their labor power) |
| What are some problems with capitalism? | Can lead to feelings of alienation (feelings of coalition and misery) |
| What are the stages of capitalism? | Capitalism, socialism and communism. |
| What is symbolic interactionism? | The theory that primarily concerned with the everyday ways in which individuals shape their society and are shaped by it. |
| What did Weber believe about symbolic interactionism? | He believe in Materialism v. Idealism |
| What is the argument between materialism and idealism? | It argues that materialism isn't the most important, ideas are what create society (most important) |
| What is Calvinism? | A Protestant religion that held as a key tenet the notion of predestination. |
| What is "world asceticism"? | Work hard and obtain wealth |
| What is a bureaucracy? | A specific kind of administrative structure that emerged in communication with the rational-legal mode of authority. |
| What are some of the problems with a Bureaucracy? | Red tape (too many rules and regulations) and Dehumanization |
| What is the iron cage of bureaucracy? | We become trapped and dominated by the social organization that was supposed to make our lives better. |
| What is Disenchantment? | The realization that something that was once a good thing is now a bad thing. |
| What is the evolution of Bureaucracy? | Ideas - Social Action - Rationalization - Bureaucracy |
| What did Goffman believe about Dramaturgical Analysis? | The study of social interactions in terms of theatrical performance. |
| What is impression management? | Each individuals performance as a presentation of self. |
| How can impression management be at the extremes? | Some can be taken by in (actors, athletes) and some people can hate their performance. |
| What is the difference between front stage and back stage? | One is the performance in public and the other is the performance in private. |
| What is tact? | The process of trying to save face from embarrassment. |
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