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Earth Science Ch. 5
Study Guide for test on Friday
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How should buildings in places where earthquakes occur frequently be built? | They should be built to sway with the movements of the earth when seismic waves occur. |
| What plate boundary do the most severe earthquakes occur? | convergent boundaries |
| How long can aftershocks go on after the initial earthquake has occurred? | They can go on for weeks. |
| How much stronger is a level 8 earthquake compared to a level 3 earthquake on the Richter scale? | 100,000 greater |
| How much stronger is a level 4 earthquake compared to a level 2 on the Ricther scale? | 100 times a greater |
| Do the most damaging earthquakes happen everywhere along the fault or right at the epicenter? | Right at the epicenter |
| If you are outside when an earthquake occurs, what should you do? | Move away from anything that could fall on you like a building or electric lines |
| Why should be people stand in a doorway or under a sturdy object during an earthquake? | Hopefully this will prevent objects from falling on them or crushing them. |
| Why do fires occur after earthquakes occur? | Sparks from electric lines and gas from a broken gas line can meet and set off major explosions and fires. |
| Why do aftershocks occur and what can happen due to the aftershocks? | the plates and ground must readjust and settle and this causes damage that is worse than the initial earthquake, like fires, and more damage to buildings. |
| How does a tsunami begin and what effects does this natural phenomenon occur? | The seismic waves from an earhquake or volcanic eruption moves the water very quickly along the ocean floor. As it gets closer to land the wave gets higher and higher which can cause a crashing wave that demolishes villages and causes major flooding. |
| What does the Richter scale measure? | IT measures the actual amount of seismic activity of an earthquake. |
| What does each range of ratings on the Richter scale mean? | Each level is ten times greater than the level below it. The scale goes from 0 to 9. |
| What scale measures the intensity of an earthquake based on eyewitness observations? | Mercalli |
| What seismic waves cause the most damage during an earhquake. | Surface waves like Love and Rayleigh |
| What kind of earthquakes cause the most damage? Shallow or Deep Focus | Deep Focus |
| Because earthquakes squeeze the water out of ground soil, liquefaction occurs, which can cause what phenomena? | Landslides |
| Where is the epicenter of an earthquake? | On the surface of the earth directly above the focus |
| Where is the greatest frequency of earthquakes (in other words where do they happen most often)? | Around the Pacific Plate boundaries |
| When does the crust of the Earth move? | all the time, even when we can't feel it moving, it is |
| What type of earthquake occurs about every three weeks somewhere in the world? | a 7.0 or higher occurs every 3 weeks somewhere on earth |
| What kind of fissures do earthquakes create? | They create cracks in the Earth's surface |
| Can a fissure close after it opens up? | No |
| If you live in an earthquake zone, what are 3 main precautions you should take? | You should have a preparedness kit, an earthquake preparedness plan, and you should perform drills with your family on a regular basis. |
| Name five things you might want to have in a kit? | Flashlight, drinking water, non-perishable food, batteries, battery-operated radio |
| Why shouldn't you use your cell, unless it is an emergency after an earthqake? | Cellular towers will be overloaded with signals of people trying to contact each other and can cause failure of vital communication for emergency purposes. |
| If you are in your car during an earthquake, what should you do? | Stop the car and stay in it. Do not get out until the shaking has stopped. |
| To be ready for Friday's quiz what else should you study other than this study guide? | The vocabulary worksheet as well |
| To be ready for Friday's quiz what else should you study other than this study guide? | The vocabulary worksheet as well |
Created by:
Mrs. Sutherland
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