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Hydrology 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Salinity | A measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a given amount of liquid |
| Sodium Chloride | A colorless crystalline compound occurring naturally in seawater and halite |
| Oxygen | A colorless, odorless reactive gas, oxygen forms about 20 percent of the earth's atmosphere |
| Carbon Dioxide | A colorless, odorless gas produced by burning carbon and organic compounds and by respiration |
| Surface Currents | A horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near the ocean's surface |
| Deep Ocean Currents | A streamlike movement of ocean water far below the surface |
| Coriolis Effect | The curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth's rotation |
| High Tide | The state of the tide when at its highest level |
| Low Tide | The state of the tide when at its lowest level |
| Spring Tide | A tide of increased range that occurs two times a month, at new and full moons |
| Neap Tide | A tide of minimum range that occurs during the first and third quarters of the moon |
| Upwelling | The movement of deep, cold, and nutrient-rich water to the surface |
| Undertow | A subsurface current that is near shore and that pulls objects out to sea |
| Plankton | The mass of mostly microscopic organisms that float or drift freely in the waters of aquatic environments |
| Nekton | All organisms that swim actively in open water, independent of currents |
| Benthos | Organisms that live at the bottom of oceans or bodies of fresh water |
| Crest | The highest point of a wave |
| Trough | The lowest point of a wave |
| Wavelength | The distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave |
| Wave Height | The difference between the elevations of a crest and a neighbouring trough |
| Wave Frequency | The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs |
| Continental Shelf | The gently sloping section of the continental margin located between the shoreline and the continental slope |
| Continental Slope | The steeply inclined section of the continental margin located between the continental rise and the continental shelf |
| Abyssal Plain | A large, flat, almost level area of the deep-ocean basin |
| Seamount | A submerged mountain on the ocean floor that is at least 1,000 m high and that has a volcanic origin |
| Volcanic Island | An underground island that its peak breaks through the water and spews out lava |
| Trench | A long, narrow, and steep depression that forms on the ocean floor as a result of subduction of a tectonic plate |
| Mid Ocean Ridge | A long, undersea mountain chain that has a steep, narrow valley at its center, that forms as magma rises from the asthenosphere, and that creates new oceanic lithosphere as tectonic plates move apart |
Created by:
Nia Warren
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