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Heart&NeckVessels
Stack #230_19abnormals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acute chest pain that occurs when myocardial demand exceeds its oxygen supply | Angina pectoris |
| (aortic insufficiency) incompetent aortic valve that allows backward flow of blood into left ventricle during diastole | Aortic regurgitation |
| calcification of aortic valve cusps that restricts forward flow of blood during diastole | Aortic stenosis |
| bulbous enlargement of distal phalanges of fingers and toes that occurs with chronic cyanotic heart and lung conditions | Clubbing |
| severe narrowing of the descending aorta, a congenital heart defect | Coarctation of aorta |
| right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure due to pulmonary hypertension | Cor pulmonale |
| dusky blue mottling of the skin and musous membranes due to excessive amount of reduced hemoglobin in the blood | Cyanosis |
| difficult labored breathing | Dyspnea |
| LVH (left ventricular hypertrophy) | increase in thickness of myocardial wall that occurs when the heart pumps against chronic outflow obstruction (ex. aortic stenosis) |
| (mitral insufficiency) incomptent mitral valve allows regurgitation of blood back into left atrium during systole | Mitral regurgitation |
| calcified mitral valve impedes forward flow of blood into left ventricle during diastole | Mitral Stenosis |
| uncomfortable awareness of rapid or irregular heart rate | Palpitation |
| opposite of a normal split S2 so that the split is heard in expiration, and in inspiration the sounds fuse to one sound | Paradoxical splitting |
| high-pitched scratchy extracardiac sound heard when the precordium is inflamed | Pericardial friction rub |
| normal variation in S2 heard as two separate components during inspiration | Physiological splitting |
| (pulmonic insufficiency) backflow of blood through incompetent pulmonic valve into the right ventricle | Pulmonic regurgitation |
| calcification of pulmonic valve that restricts forward flow of blood during systole | Pulmonic stenosis |
| abnormal mid-diastolic heart sound heard when both the pathologic S3 and S4 are present | Summation gallop |
| temporary loss of consciousness due to decreased cerebral blood flow (fainting), caused by ventricular asystole, pronounced bradycardia, or ventricular fibrillation | Syncope |
| palpable vibration on the chest wall accompanying severe heart murmur | Thrill |
Created by:
randeeotte
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