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Biology
Organismal Biology: Diversity, Ecology, and Evolution
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is on definition for species | The Biological Species Concept- Individuals that can successfully interbreed. This concept works for Kingdom Animalia |
Taxonomy | naming the groups, then naming the groups within that group |
Acronym for the classifications of life | King Phillip Came Over From Germany Saturday |
Classifying life | Domain; Kingdom; Phylum; Class; Order; Family; Genus; Species |
Who phrased the quote: "Nothing in Biology makes sense except in light of evolution" | Theodosius Dobzhansky |
Evolution | The change from one generation to the next. It explains both the unity and diversity of life |
Charles Darwin | " Decent with modification " Decent meaning creating unity (a product of ancestry) and modification meaning creating variation |
alternative to the phrase Family tree | Phylogenetic tree |
Macroevolution | 1)ancestry, who relates to who. the phylogenetic tree 2) Derived traits- more recently appeared traits |
Convergent Evolution | converged upon the same physical appearance but do not share ancestry |
Speciation | the creation of new species over time by isolation |
Reproductive isolation | Lack of gene flow, or mixture of genes. Allows genetic differences to accumulate, creating reproductive barriers= two separate species |
Extinction | permanent loss of a species from the planet |
Homology | shared trait due to shared ancestry. Fig 22.15 |
homology vs CONVERGENCE | shared trait due to similar selection pressures (environment) . The trait is termed analogy |
Microevolution | a change in gene frequencies within a population across generations; happens to populations, NOT individuals |
Genetic drift | changes in gene frequencies/ratios due to chance (ex random mating, catastrophes), NOT to any advantage the trait provided |
In genetic drift random events dont effect... | big populations |
Natural Selection | |
Natural selection can only occur... | if there are a variation in a particular trait and it has to be a genetic trait to be able to pass it down. |
An adaptation trait | the trait that causes the most offspring, is the selected trait that will be passed down |
Fitness | lifetime reproductive success |