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Biology Unit 1
Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biology | The study of living things. |
| Abiotic | Nonliving factors in an environment. |
| Biotic | Living factors in an environment. |
| Independent Variable | What is being tested; the variable that is manipulated. |
| Dependent Variable | The responding variable; responds to the changes made to the independent |
| Contant | Stays the same throughout the experiment. |
| Control Group | The group that acts as the standard for comparison. The “normal” group. |
| pH | Measurement of how acidic of basic a solution is. |
| Acidic | Has a pH below 7 |
| Basic | Has a pH above 7 |
| Neutral | Has a pH of 7 (pure water) |
| Organic Molecules | Have the element Carbon in them. |
| Inorganic Molecules | Do not have the element Carbon in them. |
| Carbohydrates | Also known as saccharides. Main source of energy (short term). Subunits: monosaccharides. |
| Cellulose | Complex carbohydrate found in within the cell walls of plants. Used for structural purposes. |
| Glycogen | Carbohydrate found in animal cell muscles and liver. Used for energy storage. (short term) |
| Lipds | Used for long term energy storage, some structure, insulation. Found in cell membrane. No real subunits, but made of glycerol and fatty acids. |
| Proteins | Used for everything. Subunit: Amino Acids. |
| Metabolism | The sum of all chemical reactions in an organism. |
| Catabolism | Breaking down of molecules. |
| Anabolism | Building up of molecules. |
| Enyzme | Protein that speeds of chemical reactions by lowering the amount of energy (activation energy) required for the reaction to take place. |
| Catalyst | Another name for enzyme. |
| Substrate | Molecule that enzymes work on |
| Products | What the enzyme helps produce in the reaction |
| Active Site | Part of the enzyme the substrate molecule fits in to. |
| Denature | Changing the shape of a protein (enzyme), mostly by temperature or pH. |
| Amino Acids | Building blocks of proteins |
| Nucleic Acids | Transmit hereditary and genetic information. Subunits: Nucleotides |
| Universal Solvent | Water. It is said to be a universal solvent because it dissolves more substances than anything else. |
| Solvent | A substance that dissolves other things. |
| Solute | A substance that is dissolved. |
| Solution | Mixture of both a solvent and a solute. |
| Bi | Two |
| Bio | Life |
| Co | With, together |
| Di | Two |
| Homeo | Same |
| Logy | Study of |
| Tri | Three |
| Uni | One, single |
| Amyl | Starch |
| Ana | Up |
| Ase | Enzyme |
| Cata | Down |
| Gluc | Sugar |
| Gylc | Sugar |
| Hydr | Water |
| Iso | Same |
| Lip | Fat |
| Lysis | Break down |
| Macro | Large |
| Mono | One |
| Ose | Sugar |
| Poly | Many |
| Sacchr | Sugar |
| Syn | With, together |
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