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Bio 3

Biology 3, Textbook Biology: Concepts and Connections, Campbell et. al.

QuestionAnswer
Order of “life heirarchy” Hint: AMOCTOSOPCEB, Answer: Atom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, organ System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere
-ell small (eg. Organelle, cell)
eu- true (eg. eukaryotic cell: a cell that has a true nucleus)
karyo- nucleus (eg. eukaryotic cell: a cell that has a true nucleus)
pro- before (prokaryotic cell: a cell that has no nucleus)
archaea One of two prokaryotic domains of life, (the other being Bacteria) Bacteria
biosphere The entire portion of Earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the planet's ecosystems.
cell A basic unit of living matter separated from its environment by a plasma membrane
community all the organisms living together and potentially interacting in a particular area.
consumer An organism that obtains its food by eating plants or by eating animals that have eaten plants.
domain A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains of life are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.
ecosystem All the living and non-living things in an area; a biological community and its physical environment.
emergent properties New properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life
eukarya The domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms.
evolution Descent with modification
gene A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses). Most of the genes of a eukaryote are located in its chromosomal DNA; a few are carried by the DNA of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
molecule A group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
population A group of individuals of one species and in one area.
producer An organism that makes organic food molecules from CO2, H2O, and other inorganic raw materials: (plants)
eukaryote A cell with organelles; bigger, more complex cells (Protists, fungi, some single-celled organisms)
natural selection 1)Population with varied traits, 2)elimination of individuals with certain traits, 3)reproduction of survivors
prokaryote A cell with no organelles; Small ancient cell(Bacteria and Archaea)
systems biology An approach to studying biology that aims to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems.
tissue An integrated group of cells with a common function, structure, or both.
Decomposers decompose wastes and remains and make them usable again as nutrients for producers
2 processes of ecosystems RECYCLING of chemical nutrients and FLOW of energy
Scientific Method Observation>Hypothesis>Prediction>Test
How many natural elements are there on Earth? 92
Which 4 elements make up __% of living things? (Chem abr.) Are they light or heavy? 96%/N(Nitrogen), O(Oxygen), C(Carbon), H(Hydrogen)/light
The nucleus of an atom Protons and Neutrons
What are the charges of protons, neutrons and electrons? Protons +, Neutrons 0, Electrons –
What determines the element of an atom? the number of Protons (same as electrons)
an- not (anion: a negatively charged ion)
aqua- water (aqueous solution: a solution in which water is the solvent)
co- together; -valent
electro- electricity (electronegativity: the tendency for an atom to pull electrons toward itself)
acid precipitation Rain, snow, or fog with a pH below 5.6.
adhesion The attraction between different kinds of molecules.
iso- equal (isotope: an element having the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons)
neutr- neither (neutron: a subatomic particle with a neutral electrical charge)
pro- before (proton: a subatomic particle with a single positive electrical charge)
acid INCREASED hydrogen ion concentration.
Created by: BrighidMcCarthy
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