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Chapter 16

How Populations Evolve

TermDefinition
Microevolution evolutionary change within a population.
"a specific" definition of Evolution the change in allele frequencies in a population over time.
Population genetics The field of biology that studies the diversity of populations at the level of the gene.
Gene pool the alleles of all genes in individuals of a population.
The expression to describe the sum of allele frequencies in a populations is... p + q = 1, ("p" is Dominant and "q" is Recessive)
The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium states... Allele frequencies in a population will remain constant assuming: 1. No mutations, 2. no migration 3. No gene flow, 4. Random mating, 5. No genetic drift (large gene pool/population), 6. No selection.
Genetic Equilibrium When the allele frequencies in a population do not change over time.
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium derived from the work of... Godfrey H. Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg
The expression to describe the sum of allele frequencies in a non-evolving populations is... P^2 + 2pq + Q^2
Reproductively isolated incapable of interbreeding
Genetic drift Changes in the frequencies of a gene pool due to chance events.
Bottleneck effect Special type of genetic drift where the loss of genetic diversity is from natural disasters or nature disturbances.
Founder effect Special type of genetic drift where the loss of genetic diversity when a few individuals break away from a large population to found a new population.
Created by: Shirone
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