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CELLULAR METABOLISM
BIO 401 EXAM NOTES PART ONE - FUNDAMENTAL TERMS (Hickman Zoology - Chapter 4)
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Collective chemical process that occur within the cell to accomplish such activities | Cellular Metabolism |
Energy of Motion: | Kinetic Energy |
Stored Energy | Potential Energy |
Energy Can Not Be Created Or Destroyed | First Law of Thermodynamics |
Closed system would move towards disorder or entropy as energy is dissipated from the system | Second Law of Thermodynamics |
Energy available to do work has operational definition especially useful for biochemists to explain energy changes in chemical reactions: | Free Energy |
Spontanneous reactions in cells that release free energy in cells... | Exergonic |
Reactions that require addition of free energy | Endergonic |
Catalysts of the living world are... | Enzymes |
The rate of molecular collisions in the system increases as.... | temperature goes up which is also one of the ways to activate chemical reactants; dramatic temperature changes may be not suitable for biological reactions. |
Living systems use.... () in chemical reactions | catalyst |
What are the most important properties of enzymes for biochemist? | 1. Enzyme only affect THE REACTION RATE 2. They DO NOT alter the free energy change of a reaction. Thus, they DO NOT change the PROPORTIONS OF REACTANTS AND PRODUCTS in the reaction. |
Molecular weight of enzymes.... | VARIES tremendously from 10,000 with molecular weights to 1 million |
A required substrate substance in the activation of an enzyme; a prosthetic or non protein constituent of enzyme | Coenzyme |
What are the typical examples of Coenzymes? | B complex vitamins are coenzymatic compounds. |
Binding of enzyme to substrate forms a... | Enzyme-Substrate complex |
The substance upon which an enzyme acts; also a base or foundation; a substance or base on which an organism grows... | Substrate |
One of the distinctive properties of enzymes is their... | High Specificity |
As proteolytic enzyme pepsin degrades proteins into amino acids in undergoes the... | catabolic reaction |
Reaction that involves resynthesizing of amino acids... | anabolic reaction |