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Test Review Act38-41
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| nucleus | control center or "brain" of the cell. Contains the cells DNA and gives instructions to produce proteins. |
| cell membrane | the outer covering in the animals cell and the inside wall of the plant cell. Controls what enter and leaves the cell. |
| cytoplasm | jelly like material found throughout the cell. |
| nuclear membrane | surrounds the nucleus and controls the movement of material into the nucleus. |
| organelle | tiny structures within the cell that performs specific functions |
| cell wall | non-living material that surrounds the plant cell. gives the cell structure and support. |
| mitochondria | provide energy for the cell by breaking down sugar. |
| What was placed into cup 2, cup 3 and 4? | Cup 2 = Yeast & water Cup 3 & 4 = Yeast, water, & sugar |
| What life function did we find that yeast cells perform? | Cellular respiration |
| What waste product is produced from cellular respiration? | Carbon Dioxide |
| What color did the liquid turn in the large oval cup? Why did it change color? | Yellow – due to presence of carbon dioxide |
| Why was sugar added to cup 3 and 4? | Nutrients (the sugar) |
| What did cup 2 and cup 8 serve as? | Control |
| What would happen if cup 2 was connected to a BTB cup? | Nothing because nutrients were not provided |
| Why did cup 3 and 4 have the same ingredients in it? | Cup 3 was for observation purposes only. We put a cap over cup 4 and therefore could not observe what was going on. |
| What was able to pass through the plastic bag in this activity? | Lugols particles (small enough to fit through the pours) |
| What was not able to pass through the plastic bag? | Cornstarch particles (too large to fit thought the pours) |
| What did the plastic bag represent? What did the contents in the bag and around the bag represent? | Plastic bag = cell membrane contents in the bag represent = cytoplasm contents around the bag = outside environment |
| What major factor determines if particles can pass through a cell membrane? | Size and if the cell needs it. |
| What color does Lugol’s turn in the presence of cornstarch? | Purple/black |
| What are the 3 functions of a cell membrane? | Protects the cell from outside environment Holds the cell together Regulate what goes in and out of the cell (oxygen and food in, carbon dioxide and waste out) Separates the cell from other cells |
| What did the carbon powder, carbon pieces and blue dye model in this activity? | Carbon powder = small cells Carbon pieces = large cells Blue dye = nutrients and oxygen |
| What cells are more efficient at taking up oxygen and nutrients, small or large? | Small, because they have more membrane surface area ,as a group, to absorb nutrients and oxygen compared to a couple large cells’ membrane surface area. |
| Plant Cells have... | a cell wall performs photosynthesis has an definite shape |
| Animals Cells and Plant Cells have... | part of a multi-cellular organisms |
| Amoeba is... | Is a microbe Is a one-celled organism Moves |
| Amoeba and Animal Cells have... | Irregular shape (many shapes) |
| All of the cells (amoeba, plant, and animals cells) has... | Has a nucleus Has cytoplasm microscopic Performs cellular respiration Has a cell membrane |
| Infectious | easily spread or transferred |
| disease | a breakdown in the structure or function of a living organism |
| infectious disease | a disease that can pass from one organism to another (passed from person to person) a disease caused by an infectious agent/germ can be transmitted through indirect or direct contact |
| epidemiologist | scientist who traces the spread of a disease through a population. They learn how the disease spreads and finds ways to help prevent its further spread. |
| carrier | someone who never develops symptoms of the illness but carries the disease and is able to pass the disease to others. |
| vector | organism that spreads disease causing germs to humans without getting sick itself. |
| quarantine | to isolate for the purpose of preventing the spread of contagious disease |
| compound microscope | any instrument with 2 lenses separated by a body tube used to magnify very small objects |
| microscopic | too small to be seen by the eye alone |
| microbe (micro-organism) | a living thing too small to be seen with the eye alone |
| micro | very small |
| magnify | to increase in size (magnified-past tense) |
| magnification | the measurement of how much an object is increased in size |
| cell | basic unit of structure and function of a living things |
| cell theory | that all living things are made up of one or more cells all cells arise from cells- cells reproduce to create new cells cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things |
| multi-celluar | made up of more than one cell |
| germ theory of disease | the idea that an infectious disease is caused by microbes (germs), which can be spread to produce proteins. |
| endoplasmic reticulum | main transport system of the cell; carries proteins and other materials for use throughout the cell. |
| ribosomes | small circular structures located on the endoplasmic reticulum. Main job is to make proteins. |
| Golgi apparatus | packages proteins and other materials for export out of the cell. |
| organelles found only in plant cells | cell wall chloroplasts large fluid filled vacuole |
| respiration | the breakdown of nutrients to produce energy and CO2, occurs within the cells sugar+oxygen --> carbon dioxide+energy+water |
| BTB (Bromthymol Blue) | indicator that turns yellow in the presence of sufficient carbon dioxide |
| breathing | the inhalation of oxygen to the lungs and the exhalation of carbon dioxide |
| cellular respiration | the process in which cells break down sugar and release CO2 (as waste product)and energy(that can be used by the cell/organism) with oxygen: aerobic respiration, without oxygen:anaerobic respiration sugar+oxygen --> carbon dioxide+water+energy |
| yeast | a single celled organism (a type of fungi) |
| virus | a non-living piece of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell |
| protist | single-celled micro-organisms that contains a nucleus |
| bacteria | single-celled micro-organism that lacks a nucleus |
| blood types (4 main blood types) | Type A Type B Type AB Type O |
| Immune System | defense mechanism to protect your body from foreign substances that invade your body |
| red blood cells | cells that are full of protein called hemoglobin that carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body |
| white blood cells | cells that defend the body from foreign invaders such as microbes |
| antibiotic | medications that are used to fight bacterial diseases |
| vaccine | a dead or weakened form of a microbe or part of a microbe. It helps your immune system prepare in advanced to fight off the disease-causing gems |
| resistance bacteria | bacteria that do not respond to antibiotics and continue to reproduce and grow |
| full course | taking the prescribed amount of antibiotics for the full length of time. |
Created by:
AJudith
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