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Peds 1
Vaccine and Assessment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Immunity: Term for a foreign body | Antigen |
| Immunity: Body makes this to fight against foreign body | Antibody |
| Immunity: Special cells to destroy or remove antigens | Immunoglobulins |
| What three illnesses have been virtually eliminated (none since 1979) | Smallpox, polio, diptheria |
| Hib causes what? | Meningitis |
| Vaccine made from live organism that have been reduced in virulence to a point where the organism will ensure a good antibody response | Attenuated vaccine |
| These vaccines tend to be strong. Single dose provides good degree of immunity | Attenuated vaccine |
| How do we store and attenuated vaccine? | Refrigerate. Heat will destroy. |
| What percentage of protection does attenuated vaccine offer? | 90-95% |
| Vaccine against bacteria that cause toxins (diptheria) | Toxoid |
| Vaccine produced is an extract of the toxin with reduced virulence | Toxoid |
| The antibodies produced against the toxin-producing bacteria are called what? | Antitoxins |
| A toxoid immunizations provides what percentage of protection? | 90-100% |
| An example of a toxoid immunization is what? | DTaP |
| Vaccine in which serum is obtained from the blood of many people | Gamma Globulin |
| Because it combines the serum of several people, it probably has antibody protection against measles, rubella, poliomyelitis, varicella, hepatitis B | Gamma Globulin |
| An infant born to a mother who is HB-Ag negative needs what vaccines? An infant born to a mother who is HB-Ag positive will needs what vaccine and when? | HBV Series; Hep B Immune globulin (HBIG) within 12 hours of birth and HBV series. |
| A baby has what percentage chance of developing HBV if it doesn't receive HBIG? | 70-90% |
| Ohio schools and daycares requires what 6 vaccines? | DTP/DTaP-TDaP, Polio, Hib, MMR, Hep B, Varicella |
| Ohio law allows exemptions from school entry requirements for what three reasons? | Medical, religious, philosophical |
| Divided doses of a vaccine do not decrease risk of what? | Adverse effects |
| When do you withhold DTaP? | If child has a progressive and active CNS problem. |
| True or False: A child with Cerebral Palsy can receive immunizations | True |
| Severe reactions to DTaP include what two things? | Seizures and encephalopathy |
| Do not vaccinate with a live virus if child's immune system is suppressed or if child has received gamma globulin within the past _____ weeks. | 6 |
| Do not vaccinate child with a live virus if the child is allergic to contents of immunization or has been on what therapy? | Chemotherapy |
| Why not give a PPD for TB test and measles vaccine at the same time? | Measles vaccine can reduce reactivity of PPD d/t mild suppression of the immune system |
| What vaccines do we combine? | None |
| What vaccine can cause transient arthritis, arthralgia, and joint pain one month after vaccine? | Rubella |
| Many vaccines contain traces of what? (Thought to be the cause of autism) | thimerosal |
| Any immunization can cause an anaphylactic reaction. Have what available? | Epinephrine |
| Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS): Who can report? Keep what in mind about documentation? | Anyone can report, it is not documentation vaccine caused the reaction |
| A slight URI is NOT a contraindication for immunization as long as what? | There is no fever |
| What seriously ill children should not receive vaccinations? | Immunosuppressed, receiving chemo/radiation therapy, receiving corticosteroids |
| Live attenuated vaccines must not be given to what girls because vaccines can what? Give examples. | Pregnant girls, could cross placenta causing birth defects. MMR, Rubella, IPV |
| Parent Teaching: May develop what symptoms after immunization? Treat fever >______ with ibuprofen or Tylenol, treat with cool compress for first ____ hours than what? | 101, warm compresses |
| Parent Teaching: Most immunization reaction occur within what time frame? Some may occur within what time frame? | few hours or days, 30-60 days later |
Created by:
mreedy
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