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Substance abuse
Stack #210793
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CNS depressants- benzodiazepines... action | potentiate GABA inhibitor for sleep and anxiety= slower pulse, breathing, feeling of wellbeing |
| Benzodiapenes overdose effects on body | nystagmus, hallucinations, slurred speech, ataxia, coma, weakness, hypotension, respritory depression |
| Treatment of benzodiazepines overdose | Narcan and Flumazenil (benzodiazepine antagonist) |
| withdrawal symptoms of benzodiazepenes | convulsions, confusion, delusions, tachycardia, depression, paranoia, muscle cramps, pain, insomnia, |
| Reason for Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms | cuz GABA is taken away so the body is in the excitatory state |
| Tx of withdrawal Benzodiazepines... | take off drug, switch to quidose of diazepam and chlordiazepoxide (librium) |
| Heroin is a category of | Opioids |
| Heroin desired effects | sedation, euphoria, anxity reduction, pain relief |
| Heroin adverse effects | respritory depression, constipation, hypotension, urinary retention, COX depression, spasms, vomiting, miosis |
| Overdose of heroin | shallow breathing, pulmonary edema, coma, death, convulsions |
| Tx of heroin overdose | methidone, buprenorphine (cant overdose as easily), Naltrexate (short-acting used in overdose) |
| withdrawal of heroin | sweaty, malaisse, enxiety, depression, extra sensation of genitals, erection, yawn, sneezing, tears, cold serats, fever, N/V/D, itchy blood, restless syndrome (over 6-24 hrs after stop) |
| Tx of heroin withdrawal | Methidone, Buprenorphine, Valium, Naloxone |
| Meth desired effects | euphoria, intense physical activity, |
| meth adverse effects | anxiety, confusion, paranoia, hallucinations, violance, decreased appetite, dental deterioration, HR and RR spike, stoke and hyperthermia |
| Overdose adverse effects | hyperthermia, convulsions |
| Tx of meth | deal with hyperthermia (cool bath), anticonvulsive drugs, no pharmaceudical tx, followed by depression= antidepressants |
| withdrawal sx of meth | irritable, restless, depression, anxiety, angry, confusion, not motivated |
| Tx of meth withdrawal | No drug for tx. supportive care, teach, sleep, nutrition, acknowledge depression |
| PCP is a | Hallucinogen |
| PCP effects | numbness, slurred speeach, moderate analgesic, |
| PCP overdose effects- RED DANE | RageErrythmaDilated pupilsDilusionsAmnesiaNisthegmaExcitationAlso- hallunication, long term schetzophrenia |
| PCP tx of overdose | no drug= keep in calm environment |
| withdrawal PCP | memory loss, difficult with speech, wt. loss, mood disorders (violent, suisidal) |
| Tx of withdrawal | Halodal or Lorazepam |
| Inhalants desired effects | similiar to alcohol |
| inhalants tx of overdose and withdrawal | supportive care |
| Inhalants withdrawal sx | restlessness, nausea, sweating, anxiety, |
| marijuana desired effects | euphoric high |
| marijuana adverse effects | memory and learning perception decreased, decreased ability to solve problems and react |
| overdose marijuana effects | psychosis, severe paranoia, fatigue, pass out from fatigue(sometimes before reach overdose) |
| Tx of marijuana overdose | supportive care |
| withdrawal sx of marijuana overdose | restlessness, irritability, insomnia, craving, strange dreams, decreased appetite |
| Tx of withdrawal | counseling, group meetings |
| Nicotine desired effects | release of dopamine- pleasure |
| adverse effects of nicotine | if maternal smoking=decreased birth wt. cancer, lung disease, heart disease, stroke |
| Nicotine causes... | adrenal gland to release epinephrine which stimulated sumpathetic NS to increase BP, RR, HR. Glucose released into blood and insulin is inhibited |
| Tx of nicotine overdose | monitor VS, meds to tx symptoms, charcoal if chewable form |
| Withdrawal sx of nicotine | intense craving, irritable, H/A, hard to concentrate, drowsiness, trouble sleeping, increased appetite and wt. gain |
| tx of withdrawal for nicotine | Gum and patch to decrease symptoms of withdrawal. Chantix to reduce symptoms (scary dreams as side effect) |
| Anabolic adrenergic steroids desired effects | enhances performance and appearance |
| adverse effects of steroids | facial hair, deep voice, menstrual changes, growth halted (teens), severe acne, jaundice, tumors, cancer, |
| Overdose of steroids | cant overdose on |
| Tx of steroids | education, hormonal meds for hormonal balance |
| withdrawal sx of steroids | weakness, fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, acute psychosis |
| tx of withdrawal sx of steroids | no meds, supportive therapy, efucation, meds to restore hypothalamic release of hormones |
| Med to block intended effect of substanse (loose benefit), makes it less appealing | Naltrexone similiar to Narcan |
| Med that causes adverse effect with use of substance | Antabuse |
| Drug that reduces withdrawal symptoms | Campral restoring neurotransmitter balance |
| Med that provides tapering with safer drug | Methidone (opioid that is safer, long acting, keeps person out of withdrawal) |
| The most abused substance in the US is... | alcohol |
| Alcohol is ________-soluble | water: causing rapid absorption into the bloodstream |
| Alcohol crosses the ______ acts on CNS | Blood Brain Barrier |
| Gaba is enhanced with alcohol causing | slowed down brain function (cuz GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter) |
| Alcohol inhibits this neurotransmitter | glutamate |
| poor judgement, relaxation and ease of speaking are effects of alcohol of what part of the brain? | Cerebral Cortex |
| Exagerated emotions, memory loss are effects of alcohol on this part of brain... | Limbic system |
| Inability to write and walk is due to alcohol on this part of brain... | Cerebellum |
| Inhalants adverse effects | dizziness, slurred speech, lethargy, depressed reflexes, decreased muscle strength |
| Nitrates (inhalant) causes | increased sexual pleasure and performance |
| Overdose of inhalants | convulsions/seizures, choking, coma, asphyxiation, suffocation, death |
| meds to tx of alcohol withdrawal | Ativan (lorazepam), Valium (diazepam), Librium and Serax |
| Most serious withdrawal period is | 24-48 hrs because of seizures, which puts at risk for aspiration, O2 deprivation and injury from thrashing |
| Hallucinations, disorientation, tachycardia, HTN, Diaphoresis occur ____ after last drink | 2-3 days |
| insomnia, milk anxiety, headache, tremors, HTN are what stage of alcohol withdrawal | 4-12 hours after last drink |
| At what time after last drink of alcohol would you experience hallucinations? | 12-24 hours |
| withdrawal sx of alcohol can last up to.... | 5-6 days |
| inhibition of ADH, with decreased sexual performance and erectile dysfunction is due to effect of alcohol on this part of brain... | hypothalamus |
| decreased level of consiusness, decreased respiratory rate is due to effect of alcohol on this part of brain... | brain stem |
| This is the cause of thiamine deficiency causing confusion, confabulation, and amnesia... | Wenicke-Korsakoff syndrome |
| long term effects of alcohol on body... | cardiomyopathy, pancreatitis, hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver, sexual dysfunction, myopathy (vitamin B defieciency), peripheral neuropathy, malnutrition |
| Short term effects of alcohol on body... | Irritated GI lining, vasodilation, muscle weakness and swelling, increased urination (cuz ADH inhibited), hypoglycemia(liver is busy with detox of alcohol and cant from glucose) |
| Becoming more self-confident and daring with a poor judgement, and difficulty with fine motor movement is ________ stage of intoxication of alcohol. | Euphoria |
| sleepy, trouble comprehending, slow reactions, loss of balance, blurry vision, decreased sensory reception is _____ stage of alcohol intoxication | Lethargy |
| Confusion, dizziness, sleepy, highly emotional, slurred speech, and does not percieve pain as normal individual is _______ stage of intoxication of alcohol | Confusion |
| Cant respond to stimuli, cant walk, may vomit, lapse in and out of consiousness is ___________ stage of ETOH intoxication | Stupor |
| Unconcious, decreased reflexes, decreased body temperature, slow, shallow breathing, death may occur is ___________ stage of ETOH intoxication | Coma |
| CNS fails, breathing stops is ________ stage of ETOH intoxication | Death |
| LISt the most common abused perscription drugs in order.... | Opiods, CNS depressants (benzodiazepenes), and Stimulants (tx of ADD and narcolepsy) |
Created by:
Lena_477
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