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Vocab 12.2
Human Genetics
Term | Definition |
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Pedigree | A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generation of a family |
Carrier | In genetics, an individual who has one copy of a recessive autosomal allele that causes disease in the homozygous condition |
Genetic Disorder | An inherited disease or disorder that is caused by mutation in a gene or by a chromosomal defect |
Polygenic | Describes a characteristic that is influenced by many genes |
Complex Character | A character such as skin color that is influenced strongly by both genes and the environment |
Multiple Alleles | More than two alleles (versions of the gene) for a genetic trait |
Codominance | A condition in which both alleles for gene are fully expressed |
Incomplete Dominance | A condition in which a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenotype of the individual's two parents because the dominant allele is unable to express itself fully |
Sex-Influenced Trait | An autosomal trait that is influenced by the presence of male or female sex hormones |
Huntington's Disease | A rare hereditary disease of the brain characterized by involuntary movements of the limbs or face, decreasing mental abilities, and eventual death |
Amniocentesis | A procedure used in fetal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid is removed from the uterus of the pregnant woman |
Chorionic Villi Sampling | A procedure in which the chorionic villi to are analyzed to diagnose fetal genotypes |
Genetic Counseling | The process of testing and informing potential parents about their genetic makeup and the likelihood that they will have offspring with genetic defects or hereditary diseases |
Gene Therapy | A technique that places a gene into a cell to correct a hereditary disease or to improve the genome |