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8th- Sedimentary Roc
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sedimentary rocks | rocks that form from other rocks or pieces of once living things |
| sediment | small pieces of rock or once living things that make up sedimentary rocks |
| lithification | the overall process that converts sediments into a sedimentary rock |
| weathering | the chemical or physical process in which rocks are worn down by the action of water, wind, gravity, and organisms |
| mechanical weathering | process that breaks a rock into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition |
| chemical weathering | process that breaks apart rock when the minerals change into a difference substance (chemical change) |
| oxidation | chemical action of oxygen causes rocks to rust |
| decaying plants and animals | weak acid is released when organisms die that break down rock |
| erosion | the process of transporting rock and organic material by moving it with natural agents such as water, wind, ice, and gravity |
| deposition | sediments are deposited, or dropped off, somewhere else |
| Law of Superposition | states that in an undisturbed sequence of rocks, the oldest rock layers are on the bottom and the youngest are on the top; each layer is younger than the one beneath it and older than the one above it |
| compaction | layers of sediment are compacted, or pressed together |
| cementation | minerals in water crystallize around a compacted rock to form a mineral glue that holds rocks together; mineral glue gives a rock its color |
| clastic | sedimentary rocks made from pieces of other rocks |
| organic | sedimentary rocks made from the remains of plants and animals |
| chemical | sedimentary rocks that form when minerals precipitate (come out of a solution) or are left behind during evaporation |
| stratification | visible bands that develop on a sedimentary rock from layers behind deposited one on top of another |
| stratified | a rock that displays stratification |
| unstratified | a rock that does not display stratification |
Created by:
holtzmanscience
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