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Rocks and Minerals

TermDefinition
cleavage how a mineral breaks along atomic bonds
crystal a clear, transparent mineral or glass resembling ice
fracture a break or crack
gem a cut and polished stone/ jewel
hardness measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched
luster describes a way a mineral reflects light from its surface; metallic or non-metallic
magma hot melted rock material beneath earths surface
mineral naturally occuring inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition
ore deposite in hich a mineral exists in a large enough amount to be mined at a profit
silicate any of the largest group of mineral compounds; SiO2,SiO4
specific gravity the ratio of the density of any substance to the density of some other substance
streak the line of powder obtained by scratching a mineral or rubbing it upon a hard, rough white surface and serving as an important distinguishing character.
basaltic the dark, dense igneous rock of a lava flow or minor intrusion
cementation the heating of two substances in contact in order to effect some change in one of them
compaction the consolidation of sediments resulting from the weight of overlying deposits.
etrusive
foliated consisting of thin and separable laminae
granitic
igneous rock Rocks formed by the cooling and solidifying of molten materials
intrusive having been forced between preexisting rocks or rock layers while in a molten or plastic condition
lava the molten, fluid rock that issues from a volcano or volcanic vent
metamorphic rock Rock that was once one form of rock but has changed to another under the influence of heat, pressure, or some other agent without passing through a liquid phase
non-foilated
rock mineral matter of variable composition
rock cycle a continuous process by which rocks are created, changed from one form to another, destroyed, and then formed again.
sediment mineral or organic matter deposited by water, air, or ice
sedimentary rock Rock that has formed through the deposition and solidification of sediment; LAYERS
Created by: 3082817
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